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H5与WKWebView原生交互

H5与WKWebView原生交互

作者: 噜啦啦ya | 来源:发表于2018-05-30 16:59 被阅读0次

主要记录下来H5与WKWebView的原生交互,以便以后查询使用。

1.URL拦截

创建WKWebView,加载网页

这里只是简单的加载网页,没有做多余的操作,也没有显示进度条

    WKWebViewConfiguration *configuration = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc]init];
    WKWebView *webView = [[WKWebView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds configuration:configuration];
    [self.view addSubview:webView];
    webView.UIDelegate = self;
    webView.navigationDelegate = self;
    [webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://127.0.0.1:5500/index.html"]]];
    self.webView = webView;
遵循协议WKNavigationDelegate,实现👇方法,在该方法中达到拦截URL的目的。

1.js的响应点击事件,相当于模拟一次网络请求,webView就可以捕获到js的请求事件,
这里的html代码主要参考,这篇文章中很详细的介绍了有关js和oc相互调用的方法,值得一看https://blog.csdn.net/u011619283/article/details/52135982

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf8">
            <script language="javascript">
                function loadURL(url) {
                    var iFrame;
                    iFrame = document.createElement("iframe");
                    iFrame.setAttribute("src", url);
                    iFrame.setAttribute("style", "display:none;");
                    iFrame.setAttribute("height", "0px");
                    iFrame.setAttribute("width", "0px");
                    iFrame.setAttribute("frameborder", "0");
                    document.body.appendChild(iFrame);
                    // 发起请求后这个iFrame就没用了,所以把它从dom上移除掉
                    iFrame.parentNode.removeChild(iFrame);
                    iFrame = null;
                }
                function getNameClick() {
                    //相当于模拟一次请求
                    loadURL("xylnamehttp:getLocation");
                }
                function setName(name) {
                    alert(name);
                }
                </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <input type="button" value="获取名称" onclick="getNameClick()" />
    </body>
</html>

2.先约定好以xylnamehttp为开头的URL,当拦截到的URL是以xylnamehttp开头,通过evaluateJavaScript方法调用js

//接受相应之前,决定是否跳转
-(void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler
{
    NSURL *URL = navigationAction.request.URL;
    NSString *scheme = [URL scheme];
    if ([scheme isEqualToString:@"xylnamehttp"]) {
        // 将结果返回给js
        [self.webView evaluateJavaScript: [NSString stringWithFormat:@"setName('小一')"] completionHandler:^(id _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            if (!error) {
                NSLog(@"response == %@",response);
            }
        }];
        //不允许跳转
        decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyCancel);
        return;
    }
    //允许跳转
    decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
}

3.js中接收到响应setName(name),name由webView传过来,弹出提示框

function setName(name) {
                    alert(name);
                }

4.在webView中显示弹窗

遵循协议WKUIDelegate,实现👇方法,弹出提示框
#pragma mark - WKUIDelegate
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler
{
    UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"姓名" message:message preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];
    [alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"OK" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
        completionHandler();
    }]];
    [self presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:nil];
}

2.WKScriptMessageHandler

我们前端说上面的URL拦截方法不好理解,因为需要模拟一次网络请求,让我再找找更便捷的方法,代码更加简洁优雅点的,WKScriptMessageHandler来了

    //配置
    WKWebViewConfiguration *configuration = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc]init];
    //偏好
    configuration.preferences = [[WKPreferences alloc]init];
    configuration.preferences.minimumFontSize = 10;
    configuration.preferences.javaScriptEnabled = YES;
    configuration.preferences.javaScriptCanOpenWindowsAutomatically = YES;
    //创建
    WKWebView *webView = [[WKWebView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds configuration:configuration];
    [self.view addSubview:webView];
    webView.UIDelegate = self;
    //加载html,也可以加载本地Html
    [webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://127.0.0.1:5500/messageHandler.html"]]];
    //将这个看做js调用oc的桥梁,name是js调用的方法名,self表示代理对象控制器
    [webView.configuration.userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"Name"];
    self.webView = webView;

1.js中相应button的点击事件,在js中执行window.webkit.messageHandlers.Name.postMessage("123")
这个Name就是上面的方法名,123表示传递的参数

function nameClick() {
    window.webkit.messageHandlers.Name.postMessage("123");
}
function setName(name) {
    alert(name);
}

2.遵循WKScriptMessageHandler协议,js中执行window.webkit.messageHandlers.Name.postMessage("123")时,就是实现协议中的方法👇

-(void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message
{
    if ([message.name isEqualToString:@"Name"]) {
        //message.body是js中传递过来的参数,这里就完成了js调用oc
        NSLog(@"message.body == %@",message.body);
        [self getName];
    }
}

-(void)getName
{
    //将姓名回传给js
    [self.webView evaluateJavaScript:@"setName('小二')" completionHandler:^(id _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        if (!error) {
            NSLog(@"response == %@",response);
        }
    }];
}

第三步和第四步和拦截URL中的方式是一样的。
5.需要注意的是使用addScriptMessageHandler容易引起内存泄露,在离开页面的时候需要remove

-(void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [super viewWillDisappear:animated];
    [self.webView.configuration.userContentController removeScriptMessageHandlerForName:@"Name"];
}

可以看出WKScriptMessageHandler还是比第一种方法方便很多的,代码更加简洁,不需要模拟网络请求。

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