温馨提示：可墙小伙伴绕行
1.常规安装
打开终端输入：
$ /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
若未墙则会提示错误:
$ curl: (7) Failed to connect to raw.githubusercontent.com port 443: Operation timed out
同时尝试在浏览器打开网址，发现打不开，则处于未墙状态。
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install
解决方法：
方案一：找个可墙的朋友帮你打开这个网址，然后存成一份brew_install.txt文件发给你。
方案二：使用以下文本粘贴到一个brew_install.txt文件中。
#!/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/Current/usr/bin/ruby
# This script installs to /usr/local only. To install elsewhere (which is
# unsupported) you can untar https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/tarball/master
# anywhere you like.
HOMEBREW_PREFIX = "/usr/local".freeze
HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY = "/usr/local/Homebrew".freeze
HOMEBREW_CORE_TAP = "/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core".freeze
HOMEBREW_CACHE = "#{ENV["HOME"]}/Library/Caches/Homebrew".freeze
HOMEBREW_OLD_CACHE = "/Library/Caches/Homebrew".freeze
#BREW_REPO = "https://github.com/Homebrew/brew".freeze
#BREW_REPO_INSECURE = "git://github.com/Homebrew/brew.git".freeze
#CORE_TAP_REPO = "https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core".freeze
#CORE_TAP_REPO_INSECURE = "git://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core.git".freeze
BREW_REPO = "git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git".freeze
BREW_REPO_INSECURE = "git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git".freeze
CORE_TAP_REPO = "git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git".freeze
CORE_TAP_REPO_INSECURE = "git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git".freeze
# TODO: bump version when new macOS is released
MACOS_LATEST_SUPPORTED = "10.14".freeze
# TODO: bump version when new macOS is released
MACOS_OLDEST_SUPPORTED = "10.12".freeze
# no analytics during installation
ENV["HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS_THIS_RUN"] = "1"
ENV["HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS_MESSAGE_OUTPUT"] = "1"
# get nicer global variables
require "English"
module Tty
module_function
def blue
bold 34
end
def red
bold 31
end
def reset
escape 0
end
def bold(code = 39)
escape "1;#{code}"
end
def underline
escape "4;39"
end
def escape(code)
"\033[#{code}m" if STDOUT.tty?
end
end
class Array
def shell_s
cp = dup
first = cp.shift
cp.map { |arg| arg.gsub " ", "\\ " }.unshift(first).join(" ")
end
end
def ohai(*args)
puts "#{Tty.blue}==>#{Tty.bold} #{args.shell_s}#{Tty.reset}"
end
def warn(warning)
puts "#{Tty.red}Warning#{Tty.reset}: #{warning.chomp}"
end
def system(*args)
abort "Failed during: #{args.shell_s}" unless Kernel.system(*args)
end
def sudo(*args)
args.unshift("-A") unless ENV["SUDO_ASKPASS"].nil?
ohai "/usr/bin/sudo", *args
system "/usr/bin/sudo", *args
end
def getc
system "/bin/stty raw -echo"
if STDIN.respond_to?(:getbyte)
STDIN.getbyte
else
STDIN.getc
end
ensure
system "/bin/stty -raw echo"
end
def wait_for_user
puts
puts "Press RETURN to continue or any other key to abort"
c = getc
# we test for \r and \n because some stuff does \r instead
abort unless (c == 13) || (c == 10)
end
class Version
include Comparable
attr_reader :parts
def initialize(str)
@parts = str.split(".").map { |p| p.to_i }
end
def <=>(other)
parts <=> self.class.new(other).parts
end
def to_s
parts.join(".")
end
end
def macos_version
@macos_version ||= Version.new(`/usr/bin/sw_vers -productVersion`.chomp[/10\.\d+/])
end
def should_install_command_line_tools?
return false if macos_version < "10.9"
if macos_version > "10.13"
!File.exist?("/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git")
else
!File.exist?("/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git") ||
!File.exist?("/usr/include/iconv.h")
end
end
def git
@git ||= if ENV["GIT"] && File.executable?(ENV["GIT"])
ENV["GIT"]
elsif Kernel.system "/usr/bin/which -s git"
"git"
else
exe = `xcrun -find git 2>/dev/null`.chomp
exe if $CHILD_STATUS && $CHILD_STATUS.success? && !exe.empty? && File.executable?(exe)
end
return unless @git
@git
end
def can_macos_use_tls12?
macos_version >= "10.9"
end
def user_only_chmod?(path)
return false unless File.directory?(path)
mode = File.stat(path).mode & 0777
# u = (mode >> 6) & 07
# g = (mode >> 3) & 07
# o = (mode >> 0) & 07
mode != 0755
end
def chmod?(path)
File.exist?(path) && !(File.readable?(path) && File.writable?(path) && File.executable?(path))
end
def chown?(path)
!File.owned?(path)
end
def chgrp?(path)
!File.grpowned?(path)
end
# Invalidate sudo timestamp before exiting (if it wasn't active before).
Kernel.system "/usr/bin/sudo -n -v 2>/dev/null" unless macos_version < "10.7"
at_exit { Kernel.system "/usr/bin/sudo", "-k" } unless $CHILD_STATUS.success?
# The block form of Dir.chdir fails later if Dir.CWD doesn't exist which I
# guess is fair enough. Also sudo prints a warning message for no good reason
Dir.chdir "/usr"
####################################################################### script
abort "See Linuxbrew: #{Tty.underline}http://linuxbrew.sh/#{Tty.reset}" if RUBY_PLATFORM.to_s.downcase.include?("linux")
abort "Mac OS X too old, see: #{Tty.underline}https://github.com/mistydemeo/tigerbrew#{Tty.reset}" if macos_version < "10.5"
abort "Don't run this as root!" if Process.uid.zero?
abort <<-EOABORT unless `dsmemberutil checkmembership -U "#{ENV["USER"]}" -G admin`.include? "user is a member"
This script requires the user #{ENV["USER"]} to be an Administrator.
EOABORT
# Tests will fail if the prefix exists, but we don't have execution permissions.
# Abort in this case.
abort <<-EOABORT if File.directory?(HOMEBREW_PREFIX) && (!File.executable? HOMEBREW_PREFIX)
The Homebrew prefix, #{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}, exists but is not searchable. If this is
not intentional, please restore the default permissions and try running the
installer again:
sudo chmod 775 #{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}
EOABORT
# Require preinstalled git binary if TLS 1.2 not built in.
if !can_macos_use_tls12? && !git
puts "This version of Mac OS X requires Git to perform the installation."
if macos_version == "10.5"
abort "Install from: #{Tty.underline}http://storage.googleapis.com/google-code-archive-downloads/v2/code.google.com/git-osx-installer/git-1.7.5.4-i386-leopard.dmg#{Tty.reset}"
elsif macos_version == "10.6"
abort "Install from: #{Tty.underline}http://storage.googleapis.com/google-code-archive-downloads/v2/code.google.com/git-osx-installer/git-1.8.4.2-intel-universal-snow-leopard.dmg#{Tty.reset}"
else
abort "Install Xcode or the Command Line Tools: #{Tty.underline}https://developer.apple.com/download/more/#{Tty.reset}"
end
end
# TODO: bump version when new macOS is released
if macos_version > MACOS_LATEST_SUPPORTED ||
macos_version < MACOS_OLDEST_SUPPORTED
who = "We"
if macos_version > MACOS_LATEST_SUPPORTED
what = "pre-release version"
elsif macos_version < MACOS_OLDEST_SUPPORTED
who << " (and Apple)"
what = "old version"
else
return
end
ohai "You are using macOS #{macos_version.parts.join(".")}."
ohai "#{who} do not provide support for this #{what}."
puts <<-EOS
This installation may not succeed.
After installation, you will encounter build failures and other breakages.
Please create pull requests instead of asking for help on Homebrew's
GitHub, Discourse, Twitter or IRC. As you are running this #{what},
you are responsible for resolving any issues you experience.
EOS
end
ohai "This script will install:"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/share/doc/homebrew"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/share/man/man1/brew.1"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/share/zsh/site-functions/_brew"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/etc/bash_completion.d/brew"
puts HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY.to_s
# Keep relatively in sync with
# https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/blob/master/Library/Homebrew/keg.rb
group_chmods = %w[bin etc include lib sbin share opt var
Frameworks
etc/bash_completion.d lib/pkgconfig
share/aclocal share/doc share/info share/locale share/man
share/man/man1 share/man/man2 share/man/man3 share/man/man4
share/man/man5 share/man/man6 share/man/man7 share/man/man8
var/log var/homebrew var/homebrew/linked
bin/brew].
map { |d| File.join(HOMEBREW_PREFIX, d) }.
select { |d| chmod?(d) }
# zsh refuses to read from these directories if group writable
zsh_dirs = %w[share/zsh share/zsh/site-functions].
map { |d| File.join(HOMEBREW_PREFIX, d) }
mkdirs = %w[bin etc include lib sbin share var opt
share/zsh share/zsh/site-functions
var/homebrew var/homebrew/linked
Cellar Caskroom Homebrew Frameworks].
map { |d| File.join(HOMEBREW_PREFIX, d) }.
reject { |d| File.directory?(d) }
user_chmods = zsh_dirs.select { |d| user_only_chmod?(d) }
chmods = group_chmods + user_chmods
chowns = chmods.select { |d| chown?(d) }
chgrps = chmods.select { |d| chgrp?(d) }
unless group_chmods.empty?
ohai "The following existing directories will be made group writable:"
puts(*group_chmods)
end
unless user_chmods.empty?
ohai "The following existing directories will be made writable by user only:"
puts(*user_chmods)
end
unless chowns.empty?
ohai "The following existing directories will have their owner set to #{Tty.underline}#{ENV["USER"]}#{Tty.reset}:"
puts(*chowns)
end
unless chgrps.empty?
ohai "The following existing directories will have their group set to #{Tty.underline}admin#{Tty.reset}:"
puts(*chgrps)
end
unless mkdirs.empty?
ohai "The following new directories will be created:"
puts(*mkdirs)
end
if should_install_command_line_tools?
ohai "The Xcode Command Line Tools will be installed."
end
wait_for_user if STDIN.tty? && !ENV["CI"]
if File.directory? HOMEBREW_PREFIX
sudo "/bin/chmod", "u+rwx", *chmods unless chmods.empty?
sudo "/bin/chmod", "g+rwx", *group_chmods unless group_chmods.empty?
sudo "/bin/chmod", "755", *user_chmods unless user_chmods.empty?
sudo "/usr/sbin/chown", ENV["USER"], *chowns unless chowns.empty?
sudo "/usr/bin/chgrp", "admin", *chgrps unless chgrps.empty?
else
sudo "/bin/mkdir", "-p", HOMEBREW_PREFIX
sudo "/usr/sbin/chown", "root:wheel", HOMEBREW_PREFIX
end
unless mkdirs.empty?
sudo "/bin/mkdir", "-p", *mkdirs
sudo "/bin/chmod", "g+rwx", *mkdirs
sudo "/bin/chmod", "755", *zsh_dirs
sudo "/usr/sbin/chown", ENV["USER"], *mkdirs
sudo "/usr/bin/chgrp", "admin", *mkdirs
end
[HOMEBREW_CACHE, HOMEBREW_OLD_CACHE].each do |cache|
sudo "/bin/mkdir", "-p", cache unless File.directory? cache
sudo "/bin/chmod", "g+rwx", cache if chmod? cache
sudo "/usr/sbin/chown", ENV["USER"], cache if chown? cache
sudo "/usr/bin/chgrp", "admin", cache if chgrp? cache
end
if should_install_command_line_tools?
ohai "Searching online for the Command Line Tools"
# This temporary file prompts the 'softwareupdate' utility to list the Command Line Tools
clt_placeholder = "/tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress"
sudo "/usr/bin/touch", clt_placeholder
clt_macos_version = if macos_version == "10.9"
"Mavericks"
else
macos_version
end
clt_sort = if macos_version >= "10.13"
"sort -V"
else
"sort"
end
clt_label_command = "/usr/sbin/softwareupdate -l | " \
"grep -B 1 -E 'Command Line (Developer|Tools)' | " \
"awk -F'*' '/^ +\\*/ {print $2}' | " \
"grep '#{clt_macos_version}' | " \
"#{clt_sort} | " \
"sed 's/^ *//' | " \
"tail -n1"
clt_label = `#{clt_label_command}`.chomp
unless clt_label.empty?
ohai "Installing #{clt_label}"
sudo "/usr/sbin/softwareupdate", "-i", clt_label
sudo "/bin/rm", "-f", clt_placeholder
sudo "/usr/bin/xcode-select", "--switch", "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools"
end
end
# Headless install may have failed, so fallback to original 'xcode-select' method
if should_install_command_line_tools? && STDIN.tty?
ohai "Installing the Command Line Tools (expect a GUI popup):"
sudo "/usr/bin/xcode-select", "--install"
puts "Press any key when the installation has completed."
getc
sudo "/usr/bin/xcode-select", "--switch", "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools"
end
abort <<-EOABORT if `/usr/bin/xcrun clang 2>&1` =~ /license/ && !$CHILD_STATUS.success?
You have not agreed to the Xcode license.
Before running the installer again please agree to the license by opening
Xcode.app or running:
sudo xcodebuild -license
EOABORT
ohai "Downloading and installing Homebrew..."
Dir.chdir HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY do
# we do it in four steps to avoid merge errors when reinstalling
system git, "init", "-q"
# "git remote add" will fail if the remote is defined in the global config
system git, "config", "remote.origin.url", can_macos_use_tls12? ? BREW_REPO : BREW_REPO_INSECURE
system git, "config", "remote.origin.fetch", "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
# ensure we don't munge line endings on checkout
system git, "config", "core.autocrlf", "false"
args = git, "fetch", "origin", "master:refs/remotes/origin/master",
"--tags", "--force"
system(*args)
system git, "reset", "--hard", "origin/master"
unless can_macos_use_tls12?
system git, "clone", "--depth", "1", CORE_TAP_REPO_INSECURE, HOMEBREW_CORE_TAP
system git, "config", "--file", "#{HOMEBREW_CORE_TAP}/.git/config", "core.autocrlf", "false"
ENV["HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN"] = "http://homebrew.bintray.com"
end
system "ln", "-sf", "#{HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY}/bin/brew", "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew"
system "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew", "update", "--force"
end
warn "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin is not in your PATH." unless ENV["PATH"].split(":").include? "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin"
ohai "Installation successful!"
puts
# Use the shell's audible bell.
print "\a"
# Use an extra newline and bold to avoid this being missed.
ohai "Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics."
puts <<-EOS
#{Tty.bold}Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
#{Tty.underline}https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics#{Tty.reset}
EOS
ohai "Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating:"
puts <<-EOS
#{Tty.underline}https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations#{Tty.reset}
EOS
Dir.chdir HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY do
system git, "config", "--local", "--replace-all", "homebrew.analyticsmessage", "true"
system git, "config", "--local", "--replace-all", "homebrew.caskanalyticsmessage", "true"
end
ohai "Next steps:"
if macos_version < "10.9" && macos_version > "10.6"
`/usr/bin/cc --version 2> /dev/null` =~ /clang-(\d{2,})/
version = Regexp.last_match(1).to_i
if version < 425
puts "- Install the Command Line Tools for Xcode:"
puts " #{Tty.underline}https://developer.apple.com/download/more/#{Tty.reset}"
end
elsif !File.exist? "/usr/bin/cc"
puts "- Install Xcode:"
puts " #{Tty.underline}https://developer.apple.com/download/more/#{Tty.reset}"
end
puts "- Run `brew help` to get started"
puts "- Further documentation: "
puts " #{Tty.underline}https://docs.brew.sh#{Tty.reset}"
2.使用刚才得到的brew_install.txt文件安装homebrew
- 终端输入(ruby后是brew_install.txt的路径)
$ ruby ~/brew_install.txt
2.进入漫长的等待过程.....期间需要输入回车和开机密码
之后会自动安装一个Xcode Command Line Tool。
安装完后需要重回终端输入回车，接着下载等待，终端显示如下
==> Tapping homebrew/core
Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 77, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (77/77), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (44/44), done.
Receiving objects: 24% (167311/687566), 38.70 MiB | 7.00 KiB/s
Tips:若源不对，可能会卡在了这个位置超时报错。若未报错则等待安装成功即可。
==> Tapping homebrew/core
Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 77, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (77/77), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (44/44), done.
error: RPC failed; curl 56 LibreSSL SSL_read: SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL, errno 54
fatal: the remote end hung up unexpectedly
fatal: early EOF
fatal: index-pack failed
Error: Failure while executing; `git clone https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core` exited with 128.
Error: Failure while executing; `/usr/local/bin/brew tap homebrew/core` exited with 1.
Failed during: /usr/local/bin/brew update --force
LNdeMacBook-Pro:Desktop ln$
解决方法：终端键入如下代码
$ git clone git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git/ /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core --depth=1
回车后提示成功如下
Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...
remote: Counting objects: 5144, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4945/4945), done.
remote: Total 5144 (delta 40), reused 884 (delta 3)
Receiving objects: 100% (5144/5144), 4.18 MiB | 1.61 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (40/40), done.
再次终端输入以下命令，每行输入完后回车
$ cd "$(brew --repo)"
$ git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git
$ cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
$ git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git
更新homebrew
$ brew update
提示安装成功
Already up-to-date.
3.安装成功后查看当前安装版本
$ brew -v
Homebrew 2.2.7
Homebrew/homebrew-core (git revision 467d; last commit 2020-03-03)
参考文章
https://www.jianshu.com/p/7071c1419409
https://www.cnblogs.com/inaruto/p/11168588.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/yanht/p/brew-note.html
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