关系代词that的用法

一、只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

1.在there be 句型中，只用that,不用which

2.在不定代词，如anything,nothing,the one,all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which

3.先行词有the only,the very,the same,the last,just修饰时，只用that

4.先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which

5.先行词既有人，又有物时

6.先行词是the way或the reason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略

7.主句的主语是疑问句who/which时

Is this the book that you borrowed in the library?

这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗？

Who that break the window should be punished.

谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚。

All that is needed is a supply of oil.

所需的只是供油问题。

Finally,the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

二、如何区分定语从句和同位语从句？

1.定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词时修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系。

e.g.

The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句

The fact that he has been dead is clear.同位语从句

2.定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分。

e.g.

The news he told me is true. 定语从句

The news that he has just died is true.同位语从句