磁盘挂载

一、查看磁盘挂载情况

df -TH

Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                devtmpfs  126G     0  126G   0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs     126G     0  126G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs     126G  896K  126G   1% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs     126G     0  126G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1               ext4       99G  3.0G   91G   4% /
tmpfs                   tmpfs      26G     0   26G   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb1               ext4      148G  2.1G  138G   2% /opt

二、查看所有磁盘

fdisk -l

//查看所有磁盘，包括未格式化分区的磁盘
Disk /dev/vda: 100 GiB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b4cb4

Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vda1  *     2048 209713151 209711104  100G 83 Linux


Disk /dev/vdb: 150 GiB, 161061273600 bytes, 314572800 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xa55bb94f

Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vdb1        2048 314572799 314570752  150G 83 Linux

三、创建磁盘分区

fdisk /dev/vdb1

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.28).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x7cd397be.

Command (m for help): m

Help:

  DOS (MBR)
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit nested BSD disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

  Generic
   d   delete a partition
   F   list free unpartitioned space
   l   list known partition types
   n   add a new partition
   p   print the partition table
   t   change a partition type
   v   verify the partition table
   i   print information about a partition

  Misc
   m   print this menu
   u   change display/entry units
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

  Script
   I   load disk layout from sfdisk script file
   O   dump disk layout to sfdisk script file

  Save & Exit
   w   write table to disk and exit
   q   quit without saving changes

  Create a new label
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   s   create a new empty Sun partition table

# n 新建分区
Command (m for help): n
# 这里输入e即分为逻辑分区，按p即分为主分区，我们要将这块盘分为主分区，输入p
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
# 到这里输入该主分区为第几个主分区，由于是新盘我们输入1来分第一个主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-1610612735, default 2048): 
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-1610612735, default 1610612735): 

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 768 GiB.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

四、格式化分区磁盘

//将分区格式化
mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vdb1

mke2fs 1.42.11 (09-Jul-2014)
Creating filesystem with 201326336 4k blocks and 50331648 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 437a2c79-1d95-4702-9e0f-3a6ed8511782
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
    102400000

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

五、挂载

//挂载     mount 分区 挂载目录
mount /dev/vdb1 /opt
或者
mount 10.50.1.118:/vol/dongvol108 /seastest
//如果想每次系统重启都能自动挂载该分区可修改/etc/fstab文件，在最后加入：/dev/vdb1 /opt ext3 defaults 1 2 (格式说明：/dev/vdb1 代表哪个分区， /opt是挂载目录， ext3是该分区的格式，defaults 是挂载时所要设定的参数(只读，读写，启用quota等)，输入defaults包括的参数有(rw、dev、exec、auto、nouser、async) ，1是使用dump是否要记录，0是不要。 2是开机时检查的顺序，是boot系统文件就为1，其他文件系统都为2，如不要检查就为0)

六、卸载

//卸载    unmount 设备文件名或挂载点
umount 10.50.1.118:/vol/dongvol108

七、查看挂载权限

//查看挂载点的读写权限
mount

/dev/vdb1 on /opt type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)