01、centos7.xx 安装docker

# 安装依赖包
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 # 添加Docker软件包源
yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo # 安装Docker CE
yum install -y docker-ce
# 启动Docker服务并设置开机启动
systemctl start docker 
systemctl enable docker

官方文档:https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos/
查看主机docker信息

# docker info
Containers: 7
 Running: 3
 Paused: 0
 Stopped: 4
Images: 2
Server Version: 18.09.6   ##版本
Storage Driver: overlay2  ## 存储引擎
 Backing Filesystem: xfs
 Supports d_type: true
 Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
 Volume: local
 Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay  #支持网络模式
 Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: bb71b10fd8f58240ca47fbb579b9d1028eea7c84
runc version: 2b18fe1d885ee5083ef9f0838fee39b62d653e30
init version: fec3683
Security Options:
 seccomp
  Profile: default
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 2    
Total Memory: 3.701GiB
Name: localhost.localdomain
ID: T4QU:IVGR:GWMX:A4G6:KK7R:635D:KNLW:4GW4:LSZG:QE7N:X42X:ENP7
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Labels:
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
 127.0.0.0/8
Registry Mirrors:
 http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io/  ##默认镜像仓库地址
Live Restore Enabled: false
Product License: Community Engine

WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled
WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled

# docker version
Client:
 Version:           18.09.6
 API version:       1.39
 Go version:        go1.10.8
 Git commit:        481bc77156
 Built:             Sat May  4 02:34:58 2019
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          18.09.6
  API version:      1.39 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.10.8
  Git commit:       481bc77
  Built:            Sat May  4 02:02:43 2019
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false

创建一个容器：

# docker run -it nginx
Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
743f2d6c1f65: Already exists
6bfc4ec4420a: Already exists
688a776db95f: Already exists
Digest: sha256:23b4dcdf0d34d4a129755fc6f52e1c6e23bb34ea011b315d87e193033bcd1b68
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest

##查看主机的容器：
# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
916b2fd08347        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   80/tcp              frosty_bassi

查看容器详细信息：
# docker inspect 916b2fd08347
进入容器：
# docker exec -it 916b2fd08347 bash
访问刚刚启动的容器的nginx:
# curl 172.17.0.2