o在某些情况下是连字符
| root | meaning | word |
|---|---|---|
| ecto- | 外 | |
| endo-, ento- | 内 | |
| epi- | 上 | |
| hypo- | 下 | |
| ac.anth- | =flower尖+花,表示棘 | anth.o.phag.ous |
| esthes- | feeling | |
| -ia | 某种症、病 | |
| coel- | 腔 | |
| blast-, blasto- | germ,胚,芽 | |
| collo- | glue,粘,胶 | |
| hemo-, haem-, haemat-, hema, aem-, em- | blood | |
| cut- | 表皮 | |
| coni-, koni- | dust,注意区分cone(圆锥)派生的词 | |
| cyt-, cyto-, cyte- | cell | |
| karyo-, caryo- | nut, kernel | |
| glyco- | sweet | |
| hydr-, hydro- | water | |
| lyt-, lyst-, lysis- | break down | |
| atmo- | air, vapor,空气,蒸汽 | |
| cata- | 向下,相反,离开 | |
| ract- | 流,倾泻 | |
| op-, ops-, opt-, opto | sight | |
| myc-, myceto-, -mycin | 黏糊糊的,引申为霉菌 | |
| chol-, chole-, cholo- | 胆,胆汁 | |
| chloro- | 绿 | |
| erythro-, erysi-, eryth-, erythr- | 红 | |
| xantho- | yellow | |
| phyll-, phyllo-, -phyll | leaf | |
| penetr- | 进入 | |
| bacillo-, bact- | 细菌, 前者特指杆菌 | |
| lipo-,lip- | 脂肪 | |
| phos- | light,phos+phor字面为带来光的,引申为磷 | |
| pept.ide | pept-=digest消化,医学上表示“胨”;ide=相关性,合起来是肽的意思 | |
| -ase | 酶 | |
| amyl- | 淀粉 | |
| alkal- | 碱 | |
| -ine | ……的 | |
| -oid | ……之物,……形 | |
| -ester | 酯 | |
| lact- | milk乳 | |
| zym- | ferment发酵 | |
| -ate | 盐 | |
| acet- | 乙,二,注意与acetabul-区分,髋关节 | |
| acryl- | 丙烯酸 | |
| benzo- | 苯基 | |
| cyan- | 蓝,青,氰(qing) | |
| sacchar-, sugar-, sucr- | sugar | |
| -ose | 碳水化合物 | |
| allo- | 异 | |
| iso- | 同 | |
| histo- | 组织 | |
| log- | science | |
| dem-, demo- | people | |
| pharma-, pharmaco- | 药 | |
| dyn-, dynam- | power | |
| gen-, gene-, gon-, gono- | seed产生,生殖 | |
| gyneco- | 女,雌 | |
| peri- | 周 | |
| sclero- | 硬 | |
| malaco- | 软 | |
| xero- | dry | |
| xeno- | strange | |
| derm-, derma- | skin | |
| hal-, halo- | salt | |
| chrom- | color | |
| prehend- | catch | |
| prop- | 丙,三 | |
| -yl | 基 | |
| -ane | 甲、烷 | |
| angio- | vessel, container脉管,容器 | |
| meta- | 改变 | |
| bol- | throw | |
| tmo- | cut | |
| ole-, oleo-, oil- | oil | |
| lign- | wood | |
| path-, -pathy | feeling, suffering感情,痛苦,医学上指……病 | |
| arthro- | skill, joint, trick | |
| cardio- | heart | |
| myo- | musle | |
| deuter- | 第二,次 | |
| idio- | peculiar, private个人的,特殊的 | |
| meylo- | 脊髓 | |
| ont-, onto- | 存在,同ess- | |
| tact-, tag-, tig-, ting-, tigu- | touch | |
| gymn-, gymno | naked | |
| monstr- | show | |
| apex-, apic- | summit顶峰 | |
| son- | sound | |
| phob-, -phobia | dislike厌恶,疏 | |
| paleo- | old | |
| mito- | thread线、丝 | |
| -osis | 表示一种状态,医学词根表病理状况 | |
| chondr- | cartilage颗粒、软骨 | |
| cartilag- | gristle软骨 | |
| helminth | 蠕虫 | |
| prot-, proteo- | 蛋白质,最重要的 | |
| anthrop- | man, human | |
| phag- | eat | eso.phage.al |
| -ium, -um | 金属 | |
| antiq- | old | |
| aphrod | 与性别有关 | |
| gastr | stomach | |
| ante-, anti- | 先 | |
| myel- | 骨髓 | |
| squal-, squam- | 污秽,鳞片 | |
| nec-, necro- | die | |
| phyt- | plant | |
| etio- | 病因 | |
| eso- | =within,食管 | eso.phage.al食管的 |
| carp- | =fruit | carp.o.phag.ous食果的 |
| copr- | 粪 | copr.o.phag.ous食粪的 |
| necr- | =die | necr.o.phag.ous食腐肉的 |
| spar- | =decay | spar.o.phag.ous食腐肉的 |
| xyl- | =wood | xyl.o.phag.ous |
| troph- | =nutrition | dys.trophy营养不良 |









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