android中内存信息的获取

获取进程最大物理内存

http://androidxref.com/4.4.4_r1/xref/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityManager.java

ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
int totalMemoryM activityManager.getMemoryClass();

通过注释可以看出，返回的进程分配的最大物理内存，包含native heap 和java heap，单位是M，不同的手机可能不同。Bitmap在native heap分配。

 /**
     * Return the approximate per-application memory class of the current
     * device.  This gives you an idea of how hard a memory limit you should
     * impose on your application to let the overall system work best.  The
     * returned value is in megabytes; the baseline Android memory class is
     * 16 (which happens to be the Java heap limit of those devices); some
     * device with more memory may return 24 or even higher numbers.
     */
    public int getMemoryClass() {
        return staticGetMemoryClass();
    }

这个值的读取其实读取vm的配置参数dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit 或者dalvik.vm.heapsize,前面介绍过：

/** @hide */
    static public int staticGetMemoryClass() {
        // Really brain dead right now -- just take this from the configured
        // vm heap size, and assume it is in megabytes and thus ends with "m".
        String vmHeapSize = SystemProperties.get("dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit", "");
        if (vmHeapSize != null && !"".equals(vmHeapSize)) {
            return Integer.parseInt(vmHeapSize.substring(0, vmHeapSize.length()-1));
        }
        return staticGetLargeMemoryClass();
    }

/** @hide */
    static public int staticGetLargeMemoryClass() {
        // Really brain dead right now -- just take this from the configured
        // vm heap size, and assume it is in megabytes and thus ends with "m".
        String vmHeapSize = SystemProperties.get("dalvik.vm.heapsize", "16m");
        return Integer.parseInt(vmHeapSize.substring(0, vmHeapSize.length()-1));
    }

获取native相关内存信息

通过Debug类获取
http://androidxref.com/4.4.4_r1/xref/frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/Debug.java
getNativeHeapSize:获取native堆大小。
getNativeHeapAllocatedSize：获取native堆已占用的大小
getNativeHeapFreeSize：获取native堆可用的大小

 /**
     * Returns the size of the native heap.
     * @return The size of the native heap in bytes.
     */
    public static native long getNativeHeapSize();

    /**
     * Returns the amount of allocated memory in the native heap.
     * @return The allocated size in bytes.
     */
    public static native long getNativeHeapAllocatedSize();

    /**
     * Returns the amount of free memory in the native heap.
     * @return The freed size in bytes.
     */
    public static native long getNativeHeapFreeSize();

获取当前进程的内存情况

android.os.Debug.getMemoryInfo(MemoryInfo memoryInfo)

 /**
     * Retrieves information about this processes memory usages. This information is broken down by
     * how much is in use by dalivk, the native heap, and everything else.
     */
    public static native void getMemoryInfo(MemoryInfo memoryInfo);

获取系统的内存情况

ActivityManager.getMemoryInfo(MemoryInfo memoryInfo)

/**
     * Return general information about the memory state of the system.  This
     * can be used to help decide how to manage your own memory, though note
     * that polling is not recommended and
     * {@link android.content.ComponentCallbacks2#onTrimMemory(int)
     * ComponentCallbacks2.onTrimMemory(int)} is the preferred way to do this.
     * Also see {@link #getMyMemoryState} for how to retrieve the current trim
     * level of your process as needed, which gives a better hint for how to
     * manage its memory.
     */
    public void getMemoryInfo(MemoryInfo outInfo) {
        try {
            ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().getMemoryInfo(outInfo);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
        }
    }

从MemoryInfo可以获得到的内存信息：可用内存，总内存，内存阈值，是否低内存状态，以及一些其他的内存阈值

/**
     * Information you can retrieve about the available memory through
     * {@link ActivityManager#getMemoryInfo}.
     */
    public static class MemoryInfo implements Parcelable {
        /**
         * The available memory on the system.  This number should not
         * be considered absolute: due to the nature of the kernel, a significant
         * portion of this memory is actually in use and needed for the overall
         * system to run well.
         */
        public long availMem;

        /**
         * The total memory accessible by the kernel.  This is basically the
         * RAM size of the device, not including below-kernel fixed allocations
         * like DMA buffers, RAM for the baseband CPU, etc.
         */
        public long totalMem;

        /**
         * The threshold of {@link #availMem} at which we consider memory to be
         * low and start killing background services and other non-extraneous
         * processes.
         */
        public long threshold;
        
        /**
         * Set to true if the system considers itself to currently be in a low
         * memory situation.
         */
        public boolean lowMemory;

        /** @hide */
        public long hiddenAppThreshold;
        /** @hide */
        public long secondaryServerThreshold;
        /** @hide */
        public long visibleAppThreshold;
        /** @hide */
        public long foregroundAppThreshold;

        public MemoryInfo() {
        }
  //省略
}

如果通过上面的方法获取不到，请读取系统文件/proc/meminfo获取

获取vm相关的使用率及最小堆大小

这些数据对GC有比较大的影响，可以调整HeapUtilization值

VMRuntime.getTargetHeapUtilization() ;

VMRuntime.getMinimumHeapSize();

VMRuntime.getExternalBytesAllocated();