减负指减轻中小学生过重的课业和心理负担。1955年7月，教育部正式发布了第一份“减负”文件《关于减轻中小学生过重负担的指示》，指出“现阶段部分地区的中小学生负担过重”。随后“教育减负”的相关政策每隔一段时间都会出现，2018年，中国教育史上最严“减负令”发布。《中小学生减负措施》明确提出了30条具体的减负措施，要求通过减轻中小学生过重作业负担，推进素质教育的实施，从而促进学生德、智、体、美的全面发展和身心的健康成长。
面对重重的升学压力和激烈的“择校”竞争，家长们处于焦虑状态，减负现象实际变成了校内减负校外增负。减负在校园内得到了一定程度的实施，可是在校外却根本得不到实施。因而减负根本未达到国家管理部门的预期。
Reducing the burden refers to reducing the excessive schoolwork and psychological burden of primary and secondary school students. In July 1955, the Ministry of Education officially issued the first "Reduce the Burden" document "Instruction on Reducing the Excessive Burden of Primary and Secondary School Students", pointing out that "the burden on primary and secondary school students in some areas at this stage". Subsequently, the relevant policies of "reducing the burden on education" will appear at regular intervals. In 2018, the strictest "reduction order" in China's education history was issued. " Measures to reduce the burden of primary and secondary school students clearly put forward 30 specific burden reduction measures, requiring that the implementation of quality education be promoted by reducing the excessive burden of primary and secondary school students' homework, so as to promote the all-round development of students' morality, intelligence, physique and beauty and the healthy growth of the body and mind.
In the face of heavy pressure on further education and fierce "school selection" competition, parents are in a state of anxiety, and the phenomenon of burden reduction has actually become an extra-campus burden reduction. The burden reduction has been implemented to a certain extent on campus, but it has not been implemented at all off campus. As a result, the burden reduction does not meet the expectations of the national management at all.
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