汉堡包是美式快餐的代表性食物，现在已经遍及世界各地。那么，它是怎么发展成今天这个样子的呢？
The juicy history of the hamburger
by Sara Kiley Watson
The burger that you can pick up at your local McDonald's, or even a fancy one with ingredients that have never seen the inside of a drive-thru, has come a long way from the original mashed meat that inspired it.
burger /ˈbɜːɡə(r)/ = hamburger /ˈhæmˌbɜːɡə(r)/ 汉堡包
fancy /ˈfænsi/ adj. 高档的
ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ n. 配料
drive-thru /ˈdraɪvθruː/ 指不用下车就能买到食物的餐馆
original /əˈrɪdʒ(ə)n(ə)l/ adj. 最初的、一开始的
mash /mæʃ/ v. 捣烂、捣碎
inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ v. 启发
The earliest hamburger relative was born far away from the United States. The Germans were likely the first to cook mashed beef, chop it up, and put it on a plate with onions and potatoes. "It became known as nothing more than 'chopped steak,'" says burger expert and filmmaker George Motz.
chop /tʃɒp/ v. 切、切碎
onion /ˈʌnjən/ n. 洋葱
steak /steɪk/ n. 牛排
Fast-forward to the 1800s, when people moved out of Europe and across the ocean. People would often head to their new homelands out of the port of Hamburg, Motz says, and while they were there, probably chow down on a few plates of German "chopped steak." Fond of the meal, they brought the recipe with them over to the Americas.
fast-forward 快进
head /hed/ v. （朝某个方向）前进
homeland /ˈhəʊmlænd/ n. 祖国（由home和land组成）
Hamburg /ˈhæmˌbɜːɡ/ n. 汉堡（德国城市）
chow /tʃaʊ/ down 吃
fond /fɒnd/ of something 非常喜欢某事物
recipe /ˈresɪpi/ n. 菜谱
Across the Atlantic, people started making "steak in the style of Hamburg" in New York, and the dish eventually trickled（慢慢地走） into state fairs across the east coast and the Midwest. But it'd be a bit cumbersome（笨重的） to carry around. So, like hot dogs, Motz says someone eventually came up with the brilliant idea to make the Hamburg steak portable: toss（扔） it on some bread. With this one seemingly insignificant development, the burger as we know it today was off the ground.
Atlantic /ətˈlæntɪk/ n. 大西洋
eventually /ɪˈventʃuəli/ adv. 最终
fair /feə(r)/ n. 展销会
the Midwest /ˌmɪdˈwest/ 指美国的中西部
come up with 想出
brilliant /ˈbrɪljənt/ adj. 聪明的
portable /ˈpɔːtəb(ə)l/ adj. 便于携带的
seemingly /ˈsiːmɪŋli/ adv. 看上去
insignificant /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪk(ə)nt/ adj. 不重要的（由significant加上表示否定的前缀in-）
development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ n. 发展阶段
off the ground 开始
After World War II, it seemed like hamburgers had found their ideal partner in crime – cars. Speedy food that you could get without even taking your hands off the wheel became ideal, says Motz. That convenience led to the creation of the patty（碎肉饼） machine, which eliminated a lot of extra time needed to shape the meat by hand.
ideal /aɪˈdɪəl/ adj. 理想的
partner in crime 共犯、同伙（这里是幽默的说法）
speedy /ˈspiːdi/ adj. 快速的（由speed加后缀-y变成形容词）
the wheel 方向盘
convenience /kənˈviːniəns/ n. 方便、便利
lead to 导致
creation /kriːˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 创造（由create加后缀-ion变成名词）
eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/ v. 消除、去掉
shape /ʃeɪp/ v. 使成型
As hamburgers became remarkably quick and easy to produce, what started as a quick meal with "soul to it" had become a corporate moneymaker that took over the world by the mid-20th century. Though the hamburger was a worldwide phenomenon, Motz says it soon fell back down to cheap, poor-quality food status.
remarkably /rɪˈmɑːkəbli/ adv. 异乎寻常地
soul /səʊl/ n. 灵魂
corporate /ˈkɔːp(ə)rət/ adj. 大公司的
moneymaker /ˈmʌniˌmeɪkə(r)/ n. 赚大钱的东西
take over 接管、占据
mid- 前缀，意思是“在…中间”
worldwide /ˌwɜːldˈwaɪd/ adj. 世界范围的
phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ n. 现象
poor /pʊə(r)/ adj. 不好的、差的
quality /ˈkwɒləti/ n. 质量、品质
status /ˈsteɪtəs/ n. 地位、状态
In the 1990s, one man saw the potential of hamburgers: famous French chef Daniel Boulud. He put a burger made with foie gras, tomato compote（蜜饯）, and a brioche bun on the menu at his luxurious restaurant db Bistro Moderne in New York.
potential /pəˈtenʃ(ə)l/ n. 潜力
foie gras 鹅肝
brioche bun 黄油鸡蛋圆面包
luxurious /lʌɡˈʒʊəriəs/ adj. 奢华的（由luxury加后缀-ous变成形容词）
Boulud might not be the originator（原创者） of the fancy burger concept, but his methods held – a new renaissance（复兴） of the burger had begun. A few years later, restaurants everywhere started featuring "well-thought-of, anti-fast-food" burgers, Motz says.
concept /ˈkɒnsept/ n. 概念
hold /həʊld/ v. 保持
feature /ˈfiːtʃə(r)/ v. 以…为特色
well-thought-of 备受好评的
anti- 前缀，意思是“反”
So whether your favorite burger is one you can get in a minute or two, one hand-prepared in a state-of-the-art kitchen, or somewhere in between: there are years and years of history grilled into every bite.
state-of-the-art 最先进的
grill /ɡrɪl/ v. 烤
bite /baɪt/ n. 咬一口
（如果您发现某些行的最后一个单词被分成两半了，请把您使用的浏览器升级到最新版本就能正常显示了。）
网友评论