be to + 动词不定式的用法
当我们在讨论正式的或者官方的安排、或者下达正式的指令或者命令时，我们使用(be to + infinitive)这种结构，其中，be有人称和时态的变化。
(be to + infinitive)这种结构在报纸，无线电台，和电视报道中指将来的事务。它表达的是所预测的近期的不确定性事务。
总结一下，一般来说，从语法意义上来讲，(be to + infinitive)这种结构有两种语法意义：一是充当表语(主语补语)；二是作为一个独立词汇单位，具有情态含义，表达严肃，正式的意义。
1. (be to + infinitive)充当主语补语(表语)，例如：
(1) The problem is to find a solution.
问题在于找到一个解决方案。
(2) His plan is to clean the room.
他的计划是打扫房间。
(3) My wish is to be a doctor.
我的愿意是做一名医生。
2. (be to + infinitive)作为独立词汇单位，具有情态含义，表达严肃，正式的意义。表示，“计划”、“安排”、“义务”、“应该”、“可能”、“命运”等。
2.1 表示 “将”、“计划”、“安排”，be有人称和时态的变化，意思接近于be going to。例如：
(1) He is to have a holiday.
他将去度假。
(2) The committee is to meet today.
委员会将在今天举行会议。
(3) You are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you.
您将前往已经为您预订客房的酒店。
(4) Their daughter is to get married soon.
他们的女儿很快就要结婚了。
(5) Who is to question him？
谁来质问他？
(6) It was the last film at the cinema，which was to close next day.
这是这家电影院的最后一部电影，第二天就关门了。
(7) After dinner they were to go to a movie.
聚餐后他们去看了一场电影。
(8) I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.
我感到很紧张，因为我即将第一次离开家。
(9) I was to play Juliet.
我要扮演Juliet。
(10) The expedition was to start in a week’s time.
远征将在一周后开始。
(11) I was to have seen him last Wednesday, but he didn’t come.
上周三我本来要见他的，但他没有来。
(12) We were to have been married last year.
我们本打算去年结婚的。
(13) The plane is to take off at 9pm.
飞机计划下午九点起飞。
(14) The new kitchen cabinets are to arrive before December 20th.
新厨柜将于 12 月 20 日前到货。
(15) Their house is to be sold right away.
他们的房子马上要卖掉。
(16) The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow.
明天学生们将在学校大门口集会。
2.2 表示 “义务”、“应该”，表严肃，正式的意义，意思接近于should， must， ought to， have to。例如：
(1) No one is to leave the building.
谁也不得离开这楼房。
(2) You are not to smoke in this room=You are not supposed to smoke in this room.
你不能在这个房间抽烟。
(3) You are to be back by 10 o’clock.
你必须十点以前回来。
(4) You are to do your homework without watching any TV.
你应该去做家庭作业而不是看电视。
(5) The students are not to travel by subway without a friend.
学生不能在没有朋友的情况下乘坐地铁。
(6) [Patient speaking to nurse] The doctor says that I’m to make an appointment to come back next month.
[病人对护士说] 医生说让我预约下个月回来。
(7) Her necklace was not to (或couldn't) be found.
她的项链找不到了。
2.3 表示可能性，相当于can，may。例如：
(1) Such books are to be found in the library.
这样的书在图书馆里就能找到。
(2) Not a single sound was to be heard.
一点儿声音也听不到。
(3) Not a soul was to be seen.
看不到一个人影。
(4) She was nowhere to be found.
哪儿也找不到她。
(5) She was never to see his wife and family again.
她再也见不到他的妻子和家人了。
2.4 表示 “命运”, 将来必然要发生的事,译作 “注定……”。例如：
(1) He came to power, but he was to play dearly for it: soon he was assassinated.
他上台了，但他要为此付出代价：很快他就被暗杀了。
(2) The worst is still to come.
最糟糕的还在后头。
(3) They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.
他们说再见，却不知道他们再也不会见面了。
2.5 用于“if…were to do”，表示虚拟语气，表示某事发生的前提条件。例如：
(1) If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
如果明天下雨, 运动会就会延期。
(2) If we are to catch that train, we shall have to leave now.
如果我们要赶上那辆火车，我们现在就得离开。
(3) If I were to increase my offer from five hundred to five hundred and fifty pounds, would you be interested in selling me your car then?
如果我将报价从 500 英镑提高到 555 英镑，那么你有兴趣把你的车卖给我吗？
(4) If we are to solve the world's pollution problems, we must address environmental issues now.
如果我们要解决世界的污染问题，我们必须现在就解决环境问题。
3. (be to + infinitive)作为独立词汇单位，具有情态含义，表达严肃，正式的意义。表示，“计划”、“安排”、“义务”、“应该”、“可能”、“命运”等。在新闻标题中使用时，一般省略“be”动词。
这点和2的区别在于：新闻标题中一般省略“be”动词，但是在句子中不能省略“be”动词，这也是容易让人困惑的原因之一。下面是一些新闻标题中的应用例子：
(1) Kherson: Russia to withdraw troops from key Ukrainian city
赫尔松:俄罗斯将从乌克兰主要城市撤军
(2) Kherson evacuees to start arriving in Russia
赫尔松撤离人员开始抵达俄罗斯
(3) Putin to skip G20 summit after months-long speculation.
经过数月的猜测，普京将跳过 G20 峰会。
(4) ingenious，silos ，anew ，TikTok to teach influencers about US mid-term election rules
巧妙，孤岛，全新，TikTok 向有影响力的人传授美国中期选举规则
(5) Russia to make further cuts in gas supply to EU
俄罗斯将进一步削减对欧盟的天然气供应
(6) Facebook-owner Meta to cut 11,000 staff
Facebook旗下Meta计划裁员11,000人
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