一、准备 debian 镜像
debian 镜像下载地址
将下载好的镜像放入 /data 目录（没有的话自行创建）
二、安装虚拟化需要的组件
yum -y install qemu-kvm qemu-img kvm qemu-kvm-tools libvirt bridge-utils virt-*
三、启动libvirtd
systemctl enable libvirtd
systemctl start libvirtd
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >>/etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
四、创建 qcow2 镜像文件
[root@qijing0 data]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /data/debian-11.4.0.qcow2 100G
Formatting '/data/debian-11.4.0.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 cluster_size=65536 extended_l2=off compression_type=zlib size=107374182400 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
[root@qijing0 data]# ls
debian-11.4.0-amd64-netinst.iso debian-11.4.0.qcow2
五、创建虚机
[root@qijing0 data]# virt-install --name debian_qijing --ram 4096 --vcpus 2 --os-type linux --os-variant rhel7 --arch=x86_64 --network network=default,model=virtio --disk path=/data/debian-11.4.0.qcow2,format=qcow2 --location /data/debian-11.4.0-amd64-netinst.iso --console pty,target_type=serial --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0,port=6666
WARNING Graphics requested but DISPLAY is not set. Not running virt-viewer.
WARNING No console to launch for the guest, defaulting to --wait -1
Starting install...
Retrieving file .treeinfo... | 0 B 00:00:00
Retrieving file content... | 0 B 00:00:00
Retrieving file info... | 74 B 00:00:00
Retrieving file vmlinuz... | 6.5 MB 00:00:00
Retrieving file initrd.gz... | 17 MB 00:00:00
Domain installation still in progress. Waiting for installation to complete.
六、使用 VNCView 连接
七、装系统
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八、关机
shutdown now
九、清理机器配置信息
[root@qijing0 ~]# virt-sysprep -d debian_qijing
[ 0.0] Examining the guest ...
[ 28.8] Performing "abrt-data" ...
[ 28.8] Performing "backup-files" ...
[ 29.0] Performing "bash-history" ...
[ 29.0] Performing "blkid-tab" ...
[ 29.0] Performing "crash-data" ...
[ 29.0] Performing "cron-spool" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "dhcp-client-state" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "dhcp-server-state" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "dovecot-data" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "logfiles" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "machine-id" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "mail-spool" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "net-hostname" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "net-hwaddr" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "pacct-log" ...
[ 29.1] Performing "package-manager-cache" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "pam-data" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "passwd-backups" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "puppet-data-log" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "rh-subscription-manager" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "rhn-systemid" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "rpm-db" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "samba-db-log" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "script" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "smolt-uuid" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "ssh-hostkeys" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "ssh-userdir" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "sssd-db-log" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "tmp-files" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "udev-persistent-net" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "utmp" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "yum-uuid" ...
[ 29.2] Performing "customize" ...
[ 29.2] Setting a random seed
[ 29.3] Setting the machine ID in /etc/machine-id
[ 29.3] Performing "lvm-uuids" ...
十、压缩镜像
[root@qemu-again data]# virt-sparsify --compress /data/debian-11.4.0.qcow2 /data/debian-11.4.0-bare.qcow2
[ 0.1] Create overlay file in /tmp to protect source disk
[ 0.2] Examine source disk
[ 3.9] Fill free space in /dev/sda1 with zero
100% ⟦▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒⟧ 00:00
[1124.9] Clearing Linux swap on /dev/sda5
[1137.2] Copy to destination and make sparse
[2196.9] Sparsify operation completed with no errors.
virt-sparsify: Before deleting the old disk, carefully check that the
target disk boots and works correctly.
[root@qemu-again data]#
[root@qemu-again data]#
[root@qemu-again data]#
[root@qemu-again data]# date
Thu Aug 25 08:25:26 UTC 2022
可以看到，压缩之后的 qcow2 镜像已经生成了。（我这里的镜像压缩完之后还是比较大，因为里面装了 git，还有一个比较大的数据库软件）
十一【附加】、上传镜像到 openstack(使用kolla-ansible 部署的)
source /etc/kolla/admin-openrc.sh
root@OpenStack:~/workspace_openstack# openstack image create --disk-format qcow2 --file debian-11.4.0-bare.qcow2 --progress debian-11.4.0-bare --public
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/secretstorage/dhcrypto.py:15: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: int_from_bytes is deprecated, use int.from_bytes instead
from cryptography.utils import int_from_bytes
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/secretstorage/util.py:19: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: int_from_bytes is deprecated, use int.from_bytes instead
from cryptography.utils import int_from_bytes
[=============================>] 100%
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| container_format | bare |
| created_at | 2022-08-25T08:31:28Z |
| disk_format | qcow2 |
| file | /v2/images/38ab0af9-6592-435f-99e1-bfa91e8ceae6/file |
| id | 38ab0af9-6592-435f-99e1-bfa91e8ceae6 |
| min_disk | 0 |
| min_ram | 0 |
| name | debian-11.4.0-bare |
| owner | eee0422e34e248959f2333b1bd600935 |
| properties | os_hidden='False', owner_specified.openstack.md5='', owner_specified.openstack.object='images/debian-11.4.0-bare', owner_specified.openstack.sha256='' |
| protected | False |
| schema | /v2/schemas/image |
| status | queued |
| tags | |
| updated_at | 2022-08-25T08:31:28Z |
| visibility | public |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
root@OpenStack:~/workspace_openstack#
上传完成
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