Commenting on something you've watched

What is Wikipedia? It's best to start by looking at the vision statement, uh, for Wikipedia. And that's for all of us to imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge. It takes a very small number of people to really get something happening, and so we're really excited about the possibilities of growing Wikipedia bigger and bigger in all the languages of the world. One of the questions is: How did I get here? You know - it's an amazing success, and I think one of the most important things, particularly for people who are in business school and looking forward to a new career and a new opportunity, is understand that the way I got here is failure. One of the things that's really important about business education is practical, real-world experience. If you're actually going to step into the world as a practitioner, uh, that kind of experience is , is very very good. I was invited to a program at Harvard - Harvard Kennedy School. What was really interesting to me is how many of the professors, quite accidentally, without even really reflecting on their thinking about it, would talk about American competitiveness, or they would speak in this very nationalistic way , about American. And I thought, well, this is one of the great institutions of the world , with a very diverse student body , but , frankly , I doubt if they have anything like the international experience, uh, that you're getting with this incredibly diverse student body here. So it's not surprising that Hult would rank No.3 and No.1 in those two categories, so I think it's an amazing and wonderful thing. What are some of the lessons that I've learned that I think are really important? One of them is:Fail faster. For a lot of projects where I failed, I should have quit a lot sooner. Don't tie your ego to a particular business. If you believe in yourself, don't tie yourself to a particular business or business model. Be ready to pivot . Be ready to change very quickly. Real entrepreneurs fail and fail and fail, but the most important thing is, enjoy yourself along the way.

Should I have quit sooner? Well, I'm not a quitter, but maybe when I didn't succeed for the third time, then I should have accepted that it was a failure and move on. Nobody likes to fail, but I guess that you learn more from failure than success. And in the end, it was a success.

Introducing comments 引出评论
What was really interesting to me ....
One of the things that's ...
One of the most important things....
one of the question is...

What be adj + be + n
What's really interesting to me is the role of failure.
What's strange for me is his attitude.
What impressed me was that he explained it well.

One thing that be + adj + be + that + 从句
One thing that was cool was that he wanted to pass on real-world experience.
One thing that was confusing was that he didn't explain it well.
What surprised me was that he was willing to admit to being a failure.
One thing I admire about him is his honesty.
What I like about his talk was the way he was so positive about failure.
One of the most important things is experience.
One thing I love about him is his intelligence.
What I like about his talks is the way he personalizes.

Helping out others with getting things done right and on the time is something I enjoy.
What excites me is the chance to help out others with getting things done right and on time.
What impressed me was how well he explained the way the department worked.
One thing that was confusing was that he didn't explain the application process well.

Should I have quit sooner? Well, I'm not a quitter, but maybe I didn't succeed for the third time, then I should have accepted that it was a failure and moved on. Nobody likes to fail, but I guess that you learn more from failure than success. And in the end, it was a success.

Working out the meaning

Just because a company is newly founded doesn't necessarily make it a startup. Startup companies are entrepreneurial ventures designed to discover if they have a scalable business model. That is, do they have the potential to grow quickly and be successful? Many startups go from failure to failure before finding the right model, or they fail altogether.

Many people assume that all startups are technology-based companies. This might be due to the fact that the term became widespread during the dot-com bubble, when so many high-tech companies were started, but most eventually failed and disappeared. In fact, a startup can be in many different sectors of the economy.

Some startups are funded by the founders themselves. Others get funding from venture-capital firms or angel investors in exchange for equity – part ownership in the company. Investors are generally attracted to startups with a strong founding team, high potential return on investment, and scalability. Again, it's about the potential to grow rapidly with limited investment of capital and labor.

*scale(scalability, scalable)、(high technology, high-tech)、(entrepreneur, entrepreneurial)、 invest(investor, invested)、high return on investment
There was a solid return on investment last year. By contrast, we're experiencing losses now. *

Writing more coherently

Employee motivation

Every manager wants to be in charge of an effective, hardworking, motivated team. However, teams only perform like this if their managers are motivating them effectively. An increasingly popular way in business to increase both workforce's productivity, and their motivation, is a three-point plan of action called ABR: Analyze, benchmark, reward. First a manger has to sit down with each of their staff to analyze the skills they need to complete their daily work, and what are their most common mistakes. This is done in a collaborative way, as (a) it gives employee a chance to tell their manager the problems they have, and (b) the employees feel they're got a say in their future objectives. Both of these increase staff motivation. It's a big job. but when it's done, the manger can set realistic benchmarks for their employees. In other words, just how much of a realistic improvement can each team member make during a three-month period? And how can their manger help them to do this? Again, because the employees are involved in setting these benchmarks they feel more motivated to reach them. After three months, their performance is assessed, and those who have reached or surpassed their targets are rewarded. High achievers don't necessarily have to be reward with cash. They can be rewarded with vouchers that allow them to buy your company's product cheaply. Or, if they're not interested in this, they can be given vouchers that add up to extra holiday days. In this way they're not working just for the money, but also for something more substantial. To keep things fair, the reward system should be graded, so that the harder the individual works, the more they're rewarded. The truth is, absolutely everyone, wants to be given a chance to succeed, and be rewarded when they do succeed. And a successful workforce makes a successful company. If employees are incentivized to their performance, in so doing, they'll also increase company profits. So the buzzwords: analyze, benchmark, reward. Because a motivated workforce is a productive workforce.

Analyze
A manager and employee should work in a collaborative way to set goals.
Employees feel motivated when they're involved in setting their own objectives.
The benchmark the employee is trying to reach should be realistic.

Bechmark
It's important that an employee's performance is assessed after a period of time.
Ideally, an employee will have reached or even surpassed the benchmark.
A manager's success can be measured by how many employees reach their targets.
Managers and employees set targets collaboratively.

Reward
Successful employees can be rewarded with vouchers.
A reward should be substantial enough to motivate employees.
It's in a company's best interests to have incentivized employees.
As a reward, he received a voucher for a three-day vacation.

Similar meanings
substantial -- considerable ; collaborative -- cooperative ; objective -- goal ; assess -- evaluate ; benchmark -- level of quality ; incentivize -- motivate

Coherence and cohesion
一般到具体
The analysis phase is crucial. The manager should sit down with each staff member to analyze the skills they have and the ones they need.
陈述，然后举例
Successful employees should be rewarded. Rewards could include cash or vouchers.
问题，然后回答
How can managers help employees make significant improvements? Working collaboratively and incentivizing an employee can be very effective.

Motivating employees
The relationship between employee and manager is important. Not only can it affect an employee's morale, but it can have wider consequences on the company as a whole. It's hard to imagine any company doing well without motivated employees. Here are five effective ways to motivate staff.

Incentivize your employees. Make them feel that the company's success means success for them as well. There's nothing like a possible reward to motivate people. A program like this will probably have to come from upper management, not just from the direct manager.

Take an active interest in your employees' career paths. Offer them additional training, and act as their mentor. If employees feel that a brighter future is ahead, it will motivate them.
Emphasize a healthy work-life balance. One way to do this is to make sure everyone takes their vacation time. Refreshed people are motivated people.
Listening is key. If people feel that their manager is listening to them, even when they are complaining, they will be happier and more productive. Listen to your employees!
Above all of this is one general idea: Respect for others goes a long way toward motivating people. Treat subordinates the way you would like to be treated by your superiors.

But what can you do to demotivate your staff? How can you be a bad manager?

Use your managerial position to show people who's boss. Disrespect subordinates because they are below you.
Take credit or claim responsibility for work done by your subordinates. They work for you, right? So why give them credit?
Lose your temper. Getting angry always shows people who's boss!
Let employees unfairly take the blame for things. Better them than you, right?
Don't compliment or praise people for good work. The next thing you know, they'll want a promotion or pay raise!

Motivating people takes much more work than demotivating them, but if you follow the tips above, you can build a solid, productive team!

参照
文章的各部分之间的References帮助读者知道你指的是什么，而不必重复同样的话。在下面的例子中，短语a program like this回指Incentivize your employees。

Incentivize your employees. Make them feel that the company's success means success for them as well. There's nothing like a possible reward to motivate people.A program like this will probably have to come from upper management, not just from the direct manager.

关键字重复
另一个方法是在文章中重复关键词。注意在下面的段落中单词listen和listening将段落连接起来。

Listening is key. If people feel that their manager is listening to them, even when they are complaining, they will be happier and more productive. Listen to your employees!

Making your point effectively

Traits of successful people
traits -- qualities
使用 categorization（分类） 的语言
kind of ; type of ; form of ; manner of

mortgage broker
There's many different types of success, so it's really hard to pinpoint what you personally would view as a successful person. There's a success in your home life. There's success in your academic life. There's success socially with your friends, and there's success in your job. There's success in your academic performance. All of these are areas that people, defines, if someone is a successful person. So when we decide what manners of success you are looking for, all of them have similar traits. Some look at people that are proactive as being a very successful trait - someone that follows through, get the job done. Someone that may be resilient knows how to come back with adversity, knows where to get off their feet , get up on their feet and start all over again, or plan another path that might be more successful. Another area of success is being able to relate well in a group or being able to be a great team player. so they can get more job , more done, in a group than they can as an individual. So those are some of the areas, and I'm sure I had more time to think, I could think of other area of success.

讨论成功
What manner of success are you looking for exactly?
It's difficult to pinpoint what defines success.
He was able to turn his academic success into business success.

It's not easy to pinpoint what traits make people successful.
She's very resilient. She's always able to bounce back from adversity.
They're very proactive. They try to anticipate problems before they happen.
No matter what happens, he never gives up. He's very persistent.

She's incredibly passionate about her work.
Creativity is very important, but so are practical business skills.
He has a great ability to find pragmatic solutions to problems.
Steve Jobs was one of the most innovative thinkers of his time.

给出例子或者具体细节
Good managers need to be proactive. When there's a problem, they don't wait for others to fix it.
提供推理
Good managers promote effective communication. Open and effective communication makes people feel valued and heard.
He' very resilient. On his last project, he didn't get downhearted.
She's not overly critical. Because of that, employees feel free to speak up without being judged.
使用对比
A good manager needs passion. If managers aren't excited about what they're doing, how can we expect the employees to be?
Good management requires flexibility. Inflexible managers rarely succeed.
总结
In the end, it's important to remember thata good manager needs to be both persistent and flexible.

争取思考的时间
习语 buy time to think 表示在回答之前争取更多的时间来思考。要许多 buy time to think 的方法。请看以下各例：
要求重复和澄清。
Can you say that again?
Can you be more specific?
What exactly do you mean by effective management?

也可以使用这样的表达方式：
I need a second to think about that.
That's a good question. Let me think for a minute.

知如何回答，你可以使用这样的表达方式：
That's not a question I can answer right now.Can I get back to you?
I'd need to give that some thought before answering.
Well, it's difficult to pinpoint exactly.
It's difficult to say exactly.