一、背景
MongoDB是一个文档数据库，这意味着它将数据存储在类似JSON的文档中。我们认为，这是考虑数据的最自然方法，比传统的行/列模型更具表现力和功能。
二、现象
排序、分页功能也是在使用过程中最常见的查询，最近Spring data mongo使用排序、分页功能查询数据量在5000w左右的数据时出现超出最大内存限制错误。
代码分析
Page<VmMessageDtlVO> data = new Page<>();
// add common condition
Criteria criteria = commonCond(vmMessageDtlDTO);
Query query = new Query(criteria);
// order by createTime desc
query.with(Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC, "createTime")).skip(vmMessageDtlDTO.getCurrentPageIndex()).limit(vmMessageDtlDTO.getPageSize());
List<VmMessageDtlModel> list = mongoTemplate.find(query, VmMessageDtlModel.class);
// format data info
List<VmMessageDtlVO> result = convertList(list);
Long rows = mongoTemplate.count(query, VmMessageDtlModel.class);
使用Spring Query直接先排序后分页，如果根据条件匹配后仍然有海量数据的话就需要对大批量数据进行排序操作，不使用磁盘缓存的话很容易就出现内存暴增的情况，也是程序运营中的忌讳，如果多个查询同时进行则有可能程序直接内存爆掉。
三、错误信息
Sort exceeded memory limit of 104857600 bytes, but did not opt in to external sorting. Aborting operation
org.springframework.data.mongodb.UncategorizedMongoDbException: Query failed with error code 292 and error message 'Executor error during find command :: caused by :: Sort exceeded memory limit of 104857600 bytes, but did not opt in to external sorting. Aborting operation. Pass allowDiskUse:true to opt in.' on server 192.168.1.198:30014; nested exception is com.mongodb.MongoQueryException: Query failed with error code 292 and error message 'Executor error during find command :: caused by :: Sort exceeded memory limit of 104857600 bytes, but did not opt in to external sorting. Aborting operation. Pass allowDiskUse:true to opt in.' on server 192.168.1.198:30014
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(MongoExceptionTranslator.java:138)
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate.potentiallyConvertRuntimeException(MongoTemplate.java:2781)
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate.executeFindMultiInternal(MongoTemplate.java:2691)
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate.doFind(MongoTemplate.java:2411)
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate.doFind(MongoTemplate.java:2394)
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate.find(MongoTemplate.java:830)
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate.find(MongoTemplate.java:816)
at com.sioo.component.biz.impl.sioovmimpl.VmMessageDtlServiceImpl.listByPageAndCond(VmMessageDtlServiceImpl.java:67)
at com.sioo.component.biz.impl.sioovmimpl.VmMessageRecordsServiceImpl.findVmMessageDetailsByPage(VmMessageRecordsServiceImpl.java:1113)
at com.sioo.component.biz.impl.sioovmimpl.VmMessageRecordsServiceImpl$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$1df5b259.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:218)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:684)
at com.sioo.component.biz.impl.sioovmimpl.VmMessageRecordsServiceImpl$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$db6911a2.findVmMessageDetailsByPage(<generated>)
at com.sioo.component.controller.VmMessageController.findVmMessageDetailsByPage(VmMessageController.java:312)
at com.sioo.component.controller.VmMessageController$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$66bdd36.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:218)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:749)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.invoke(MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.java:56)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:175)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.proceed(MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.java:100)
at com.sioo.point.aspect.ShowTimeAspect.dealOldMethod(ShowTimeAspect.java:162)
at com.sioo.point.aspect.ShowTimeAspect.timeAround(ShowTimeAspect.java:134)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethodWithGivenArgs(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:644)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethod(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:633)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAroundAdvice.invoke(AspectJAroundAdvice.java:70)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:175)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.java:62)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:175)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:93)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:688)
at com.sioo.component.controller.VmMessageController$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$a00b1af3.findVmMessageDetailsByPage(<generated>)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:190)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:138)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:104)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:892)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:797)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1039)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:942)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1005)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:908)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:660)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:882)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter.doFilter(WebStatFilter.java:124)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.web.trace.servlet.HttpTraceFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpTraceFilter.java:88)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:92)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:93)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter.filterAndRecordMetrics(WebMvcMetricsFilter.java:114)
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter.doFilterInternal(WebMvcMetricsFilter.java:104)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:202)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:490)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:408)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:853)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1587)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: com.mongodb.MongoQueryException: Query failed with error code 292 and error message 'Executor error during find command :: caused by :: Sort exceeded memory limit of 104857600 bytes, but did not opt in to external sorting. Aborting operation. Pass allowDiskUse:true to opt in.' on server 192.168.1.198:30014
at com.mongodb.operation.FindOperation$1.call(FindOperation.java:706)
at com.mongodb.operation.FindOperation$1.call(FindOperation.java:695)
at com.mongodb.operation.OperationHelper.withConnectionSource(OperationHelper.java:462)
at com.mongodb.operation.OperationHelper.withConnection(OperationHelper.java:406)
at com.mongodb.operation.FindOperation.execute(FindOperation.java:695)
at com.mongodb.operation.FindOperation.execute(FindOperation.java:83)
at com.mongodb.client.internal.MongoClientDelegate$DelegateOperationExecutor.execute(MongoClientDelegate.java:179)
at com.mongodb.client.internal.MongoIterableImpl.execute(MongoIterableImpl.java:132)
at com.mongodb.client.internal.MongoIterableImpl.iterator(MongoIterableImpl.java:86)
at org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate.executeFindMultiInternal(MongoTemplate.java:2674)
... 100 common frames omitted
四、原因
Mongo数据库排序（Sort）阶段默认最大的存储内存限制为100 MB，所以如果要解除限制需要更改聚合操作中的“allowDiskUse ”属性，官方文档见：https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/aggregation/sort/#sort-memory-limit
五、解决方案
使用聚合方式进行条件查询、排序、分页操作
Criteria criteria = commonCond(vmMessageDtlDTO);
// 初始化聚合操作、允许使用磁盘内存缓存
AggregationOptions aggregationOptions = AggregationOptions.builder().allowDiskUse(true).build();
Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(
Aggregation.match(criteria),
Aggregation.sort(Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC, "createTime")),
Aggregation.skip((long)vmMessageDtlDTO.getCurrentPageIndex()),
Aggregation.limit(vmMessageDtlDTO.getPageSize())
).withOptions(aggregationOptions);
List<VmMessageDtlModel> list = mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, VmMessageDtlModel.class, VmMessageDtlModel.class).getMappedResults();
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