检索
1、检索document
GET /index_name/type_name/id
2、轻量检索所有document
GET /index_name/type_name/_search
返回结构在hits数组中，其中_source是type_name对应的document字段属性
{
"took": 6,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": { ... },
"hits": {
"total": 3,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "megacorp",
"_type": "employee",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "Douglas",
"last_name": "Fir",
"age": 35,
"about": "I like to build cabinets",
"interests": [ "forestry" ]
}
},
{
"_index": "megacorp",
"_type": "employee",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
}
},
{
"_index": "megacorp",
"_type": "employee",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"first_name": "Jane",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 32,
"about": "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests": [ "music" ]
}
}
]
}
}
3、传递参数
GET /megacorp/employee/_search?q=last_name:Smith
仍然使用_search，将查询复制给参数q, 返回结果给出了所有的Smith
{
...
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 0.30685282,
"hits": [
{
...
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
}
},
{
...
"_source": {
"first_name": "Jane",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 32,
"about": "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests": [ "music" ]
}
}
]
}
}
4、查询表达式，领域特定语言（DSL）,返回的结果与之前相同
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"last_name" : "Smith"
}
}
}
5、更复杂的搜索
使用过滤器filter，过滤年龄大于30的
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
"query" : {
"bool": {
"must": {
"match" : {
"last_name" : "smith" (1)
}
},
"filter": {
"range" : {
"age" : { "gt" : 30 } (2)
}
}
}
}
}
（2）是一个range过滤器
相对于之前的查询结果，这次只返回一个employee 叫Jane Smith，32岁
6、全文搜索
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"about" : "rock climbing"
}
}
}
返回以下结果
{
...
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 0.16273327,
"hits": [
{
...
"_score": 0.16273327, (1)
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
}
},
{
...
"_score": 0.016878016, (1)
"_source": {
"first_name": "Jane",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 32,
"about": "I like to collect rock albums",
"interests": [ "music" ]
}
}
]
}
}
（1）相关性得分，默认按照相关性得分排序
7、短语搜索，精确匹配一系列单词或短语，使用match_phrase
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
"query" : {
"match_phrase" : {
"about" : "rock climbing"
}
}
}
8、高亮搜索 highlight参数
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
"query" : {
"match_phrase" : {
"about" : "rock climbing"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields" : {
"about" : {}
}
}
}
返回的结果与之前相同，但是还多一个highlight的部分，包含了about匹配的文本片段，并且以HTML标签<em><em>封装
{
...
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.23013961,
"hits": [
{
...
"_score": 0.23013961,
"_source": {
"first_name": "John",
"last_name": "Smith",
"age": 25,
"about": "I love to go rock climbing",
"interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
},
"highlight": {
"about": [
"I love to go <em>rock</em> <em>climbing</em>" (1)
]
}
}
]
}
}
分析（使用聚合功能）
例如：挖掘出雇员中最受欢迎的兴趣爱好
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
"aggs": {
"all_interests": {
"terms": { "field": "interests" }
}
}
}
结果
{
...
"hits": { ... },
"aggregations": {
"all_interests": {
"buckets": [
{
"key": "music",
"doc_count": 2
},
{
"key": "forestry",
"doc_count": 1
},
{
"key": "sports",
"doc_count": 1
}
]
}
}
}
组合查询。想知道叫Smith的雇员中最受欢迎的兴趣爱好
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"last_name": "smith"
}
},
"aggs": {
"all_interests": {
"terms": {
"field": "interests"
}
}
}
}
结果只包含匹配查询的document
...
"all_interests": {
"buckets": [
{
"key": "music",
"doc_count": 2
},
{
"key": "sports",
"doc_count": 1
}
]
}
聚合还支持分级汇总。例如，查询特定兴趣爱好员工的平均年龄
GET /megacorp/employee/_search
{
"aggs" : {
"all_interests" : {
"terms" : { "field" : "interests" },
"aggs" : {
"avg_age" : {
"avg" : { "field" : "age" }
}
}
}
}
}
结果
...
"all_interests": {
"buckets": [
{
"key": "music",
"doc_count": 2,
"avg_age": {
"value": 28.5
}
},
{
"key": "forestry",
"doc_count": 1,
"avg_age": {
"value": 35
}
},
{
"key": "sports",
"doc_count": 1,
"avg_age": {
"value": 25
}
}
]
}
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