Spring mvc的搭建

今天试了下使用IDEA搭建spring mvc的项目。
首先安装IDEA，Tomcat，jdk 不在列举。
参考链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/shang-shang/p/7477607.html
1.建立项目
新建一个maven project。

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在IDEA的安装目录D:\IDEA\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.3.1\plugins\maven\lib\maven3\conf下选取setting.xml拷贝到C:\Users\lml.m2下。
为了更快下载依赖包，添加一个阿里的官方库的镜像

<mirror>
        <id>alimaven</id>
        <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
        <name>aliyun maven</name>
      <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/repositories/central/</url>
</mirror>

2.添加pom依赖
样例如下：

<!--测试-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--日志-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--J2EE-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--mysql驱动包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.35</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--springframework-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
          <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.stefanbirkner</groupId>
      <artifactId>system-rules</artifactId>
      <version>1.16.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
      <version>1.8.9</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--其他需要的包-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>3.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

这些在官方对包的说明时，会说明如何添加依赖。

3.添加 spring框架
右键项目，add framework support.

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选择spring mvc,勾选Create empty spring-config.xml:

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如果没法找到spring，可以先去Project Structure的Modules下删除，再来添加： image.png
添加完后，在界面上出现两个文件： image.png

4.目录结构

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注意java文件夹和test文件夹需要设置下：
image.png
controller为映射关系，dao处理数据库，pojo放实体类，service关联数据和界面。
5.配置web.xml
可复制下方文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <!--welcome pages-->
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <!--配置springmvc DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <!--配置dispatcher.xml作为mvc的配置文件-->
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!--把applicationContext.xml加入到配置文件中-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
</web-app>

6.配置dispatcher-servlet.xml
配置mvc：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--此文件负责整个mvc中的配置-->

    <!--启用spring的一些annotation -->
    <context:annotation-config/>

    <!-- 配置注解驱动 可以将request参数与绑定到controller参数上 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--静态资源映射-->
    <!--本项目把静态资源放在了webapp的statics目录下，资源映射如下-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/css/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/js/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/image/"/>

    <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀(如果最后一个还是表示文件夹,则最后的斜杠不要漏了) 使用JSP-->
    <!-- 默认的视图解析器 在上边的解析错误时使用 (默认使用html)- -->
    <bean id="defaultViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/><!--设置JSP文件的目录位置-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        <property name="exposeContextBeansAsAttributes" value="true"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 自动扫描装配 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lml.helloworld3.controller"/>
</beans>

7.配置applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lml.helloworld3"/>
</beans>

8.url映射

image.png

9.添加Tomcat
点击右上角Edit Configurations

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在Deployment标签页下，点击加号选择Artifact，选择第二个 exploded
Application context 为浏览路径

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10.测试
启动Tomcat，输入地址
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