需求
基于wxWidgets实现一个俄罗斯方块游戏
功能
- 游戏中会随机生成7种不同图形。
- 每种图形都是由四个方形的色块组成的。
- 玩家可以控制每种图形旋转、左右移动。
- 图形自动下落，当下落到底部或者碰到其他方块则不能继续下落。
- 每行方格满了，自动消除，并计一分。
- 当正中图形无法下落时，游戏结束。
参考代码
下面为了阅读方便，代码放在一个文件中，实际项目中要以类为单位分开存放。
#ifdef Win32
#define WXUSINGDLL
#define __WXMSW__
#define _UNICODE
#pragma comment(lib, "wxmsw31u_core.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "wxbase31u.lib")
#endif
#include <wx/wx.h>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
/**
* @breif 方块类型
*/
enum Tetrominoes {
NoShape, ///< 无图形
ZShape, ///< Z图形
SShape, ///< S图形
LineShape, ///< 线图形
TShape, ///< T图形
SquareShape, ///< 方形
LShape, ///< L形
MirroredLShape ///< 反L形
};
/**
* @breif 图形类
*
* @details
* 1. 管理类型
* 2. 获取图像边界
* 3. 旋转方块
*/
class Shape {
public:
/**
* @breif 构造函数
*/
Shape() { SetShape(NoShape); }
/**
* @breif 设置图形类型
*
* @param shape 图形类型
*/
void SetShape(Tetrominoes shape){
static const int coordsTable[8][4][2] = {
{ { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0 } }, // 无图形
{ { 0, -1 }, { 0, 0 }, { -1, 0 }, { -1, 1 } }, // Z图形
{ { 0, -1 }, { 0, 0 }, { 1, 0 }, { 1, 1 } }, // S图形
{ { 0, -1 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, 2 } }, // 线图形
{ { -1, 0 }, { 0, 0 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, 1 } }, // T图形
{ { 0, 0 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, 1 }, { 1, 1 } }, // 方形
{ { -1, -1 }, { 0, -1 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 1 } }, // L形
{ { 1, -1 }, { 0, -1 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 1 } } // 反L形
};
// 设置当前的图形
for (int i = 0; i < 4 ; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j)
coords[i][j] = coordsTable[shape][i][j];
}
// 保存当前类型
pieceShape = shape;
}
/**
* @breif 设置随机图形
*/
void SetRandomShape(){
// 设置随机图形
int x = rand() % 7 + 1;
SetShape(Tetrominoes(x));
}
/**
* @breif 获取图形类型
*
* @return 图形类型
*/
Tetrominoes GetShape() const { return pieceShape; }
int x(int index) const { return coords[index][0]; }
int y(int index) const { return coords[index][1]; }
int MinX() const {
int m = coords[0][0];
for (int i=0; i<4; i++) {
m = min(m, coords[i][0]);
}
return m;
}
int MaxX() const {
int m = coords[0][0];
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
m = max(m, coords[i][0]);
}
return m;
}
int MinY() const {
int m = coords[0][1];
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
m = min(m, coords[i][1]);
}
return m;
}
int MaxY() const {
int m = coords[0][1];
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
m = max(m, coords[i][1]);
}
return m;
}
/**
* @breif 获取左旋图形
*
* @return 图形
*/
Shape RotateLeft() const {
// 方块不旋转
if (pieceShape == SquareShape)
return *this;
Shape result;
result.pieceShape = pieceShape;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
result.SetX(i, y(i));
result.SetY(i, -x(i));
}
return result;
}
/**
* @breif 获取右旋图形
*
* @return 图形
*/
Shape RotateRight() const {
// 方块不旋转
if (pieceShape == SquareShape)
return *this;
Shape result;
result.pieceShape = pieceShape;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
result.SetX(i, -y(i));
result.SetY(i, x(i));
}
return result;
}
private:
void SetX(int index, int x) { coords[index][0] = x; }
void SetY(int index, int y) { coords[index][1] = y; }
Tetrominoes pieceShape;///< 方块类型
int coords[4][2]; ///< 方块坐标
};
class Board : public wxPanel {
public:
Board(wxFrame *parent): wxPanel(parent, wxID_ANY, wxDefaultPosition,wxDefaultSize, wxBORDER_NONE){
timer = new wxTimer(this, 1);
m_stsbar = parent->GetStatusBar();
isFallingFinished = false;
isStarted = false;
isPaused = false;
numLinesRemoved = 0;
curX = 0;
curY = 0;
ClearBoard();
Connect(wxEVT_PAINT, wxPaintEventHandler(Board::OnPaint));
Connect(wxEVT_KEY_DOWN, wxKeyEventHandler(Board::OnKeyDown));
Connect(wxEVT_TIMER, wxCommandEventHandler(Board::OnTimer));
}
void Start(){
if (isPaused)
return;
isStarted = true;
isFallingFinished = false;
numLinesRemoved = 0;
// 清空面板
ClearBoard();
NewPiece();
timer->Start(300);
}
void Pause(){
if (!isStarted)
return;
isPaused = !isPaused;
if (isPaused) {
timer->Stop();
m_stsbar->SetStatusText(wxT("paused"));
} else {
timer->Start(300);
wxString str;
str.Printf(wxT("%d"), numLinesRemoved);
m_stsbar->SetStatusText(str);
}
Refresh();
}
void linesRemovedChanged(int numLines);
protected:
void OnPaint(wxPaintEvent& event){
wxPaintDC dc(this);
wxSize size = GetClientSize();
int boardTop = size.GetHeight() - BoardHeight * SquareHeight();
for (int i = 0; i < BoardHeight; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j) {
Tetrominoes shape = ShapeAt(j, BoardHeight - i - 1);
if (shape != NoShape)
DrawSquare(dc, 0 + j * SquareWidth(),
boardTop + i * SquareHeight(), shape);
}
}
if (curPiece.GetShape() != NoShape) {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
int x = curX + curPiece.x(i);
int y = curY - curPiece.y(i);
DrawSquare(dc, 0 + x * SquareWidth(),
boardTop + (BoardHeight - y - 1) * SquareHeight(),
curPiece.GetShape());
}
}
}
void OnKeyDown(wxKeyEvent& event){
if (!isStarted || curPiece.GetShape() == NoShape) {
event.Skip();
return;
}
int keycode = event.GetKeyCode();
if (keycode == 'p' || keycode == 'P') {
Pause();
return;
}
if (isPaused)
return;
switch (keycode) {
case WXK_LEFT:
TryMove(curPiece, curX - 1, curY);
break;
case WXK_RIGHT:
TryMove(curPiece, curX + 1, curY);
break;
case WXK_DOWN:
TryMove(curPiece.RotateRight(), curX, curY);
break;
case WXK_UP:
TryMove(curPiece.RotateLeft(), curX, curY);
break;
case WXK_SPACE:
DropDown();
break;
case 'd':
case 'D':
OneLineDown();
break;
default:
event.Skip();
}
}
void OnTimer(wxCommandEvent& event){
if (isFallingFinished) {
isFallingFinished = false;
NewPiece();
} else {
OneLineDown();
}
}
private:
enum { BoardWidth = 10, BoardHeight = 22 };
Tetrominoes & ShapeAt(int x, int y) { return board[(y * BoardWidth) + x]; }
int SquareWidth() { return GetClientSize().GetWidth() / BoardWidth; }
int SquareHeight() { return GetClientSize().GetHeight() / BoardHeight; }
void ClearBoard(){
for (int i = 0; i < BoardHeight * BoardWidth; ++i)
board[i] = NoShape;
}
void DropDown(){
int newY = curY;
while (newY > 0) {
if (!TryMove(curPiece, curX, newY - 1))
break;
--newY;
}
PieceDropped();
}
void OneLineDown(){
if (!TryMove(curPiece, curX, curY - 1))
PieceDropped();
}
void PieceDropped(){
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
int x = curX + curPiece.x(i);
int y = curY - curPiece.y(i);
ShapeAt(x, y) = curPiece.GetShape();
}
RemoveFullLines();
if (!isFallingFinished)
NewPiece();
}
void RemoveFullLines(){
int numFullLines = 0;
for (int i = BoardHeight - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
bool lineIsFull = true;
for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j) {
if (ShapeAt(j, i) == NoShape) {
lineIsFull = false;
break;
}
}
if (lineIsFull) {
++numFullLines;
for (int k = i; k < BoardHeight - 1; ++k) {
for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j)
ShapeAt(j, k) = ShapeAt(j, k + 1);
}
}
}
if (numFullLines > 0) {
numLinesRemoved += numFullLines;
wxString str;
str.Printf(wxT("%d"), numLinesRemoved);
m_stsbar->SetStatusText(str);
isFallingFinished = true;
curPiece.SetShape(NoShape);
Refresh();
}
}
void NewPiece(){
curPiece.SetRandomShape();
curX = BoardWidth / 2 + 1;
curY = BoardHeight - 1 + curPiece.MinY();
if (!TryMove(curPiece, curX, curY)) {
curPiece.SetShape(NoShape);
timer->Stop();
isStarted = false;
m_stsbar->SetStatusText(wxT("game over"));
}
}
bool TryMove(const Shape& newPiece, int newX, int newY){
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
int x = newX + newPiece.x(i);
int y = newY - newPiece.y(i);
if (x < 0 || x >= BoardWidth || y < 0 || y >= BoardHeight)
return false;
if (ShapeAt(x, y) != NoShape)
return false;
}
curPiece = newPiece;
curX = newX;
curY = newY;
Refresh();
return true;
}
void DrawSquare(wxPaintDC &dc, int x, int y, Tetrominoes shape){
static wxColour colors[] = { wxColour(0, 0, 0), wxColour(204, 102, 102),
wxColour(102, 204, 102), wxColour(102, 102, 204),
wxColour(204, 204, 102), wxColour(204, 102, 204),
wxColour(102, 204, 204), wxColour(218, 170, 0) };
static wxColour light[] = { wxColour(0, 0, 0), wxColour(248, 159, 171),
wxColour(121, 252, 121), wxColour(121, 121, 252),
wxColour(252, 252, 121), wxColour(252, 121, 252),
wxColour(121, 252, 252), wxColour(252, 198, 0) };
static wxColour dark[] = { wxColour(0, 0, 0), wxColour(128, 59, 59),
wxColour(59, 128, 59), wxColour(59, 59, 128),
wxColour(128, 128, 59), wxColour(128, 59, 128),
wxColour(59, 128, 128), wxColour(128, 98, 0) };
wxPen pen(light[int(shape)]);
pen.SetCap(wxCAP_PROJECTING);
dc.SetPen(pen);
dc.DrawLine(x, y + SquareHeight() - 1, x, y);
dc.DrawLine(x, y, x + SquareWidth() - 1, y);
wxPen darkpen(dark[int(shape)]);
darkpen.SetCap(wxCAP_PROJECTING);
dc.SetPen(darkpen);
dc.DrawLine(x + 1, y + SquareHeight() - 1,
x + SquareWidth() - 1, y + SquareHeight() - 1);
dc.DrawLine(x + SquareWidth() - 1,
y + SquareHeight() - 1, x + SquareWidth() - 1, y + 1);
dc.SetPen(*wxTRANSPARENT_PEN);
dc.SetBrush(wxBrush(colors[int(shape)]));
dc.DrawRectangle(x + 1, y + 1, SquareWidth() - 2,
SquareHeight() - 2);
}
wxTimer *timer; ///< 计时器
bool isStarted; ///< 开始状态
bool isPaused; ///< 暂停状态
bool isFallingFinished; ///< 下落完成
Shape curPiece; ///< 当前方块
int curX; ///< 当前方块X坐标
int curY; ///< 当前方块Y坐标
int numLinesRemoved; ///< 移除行数
Tetrominoes board[BoardWidth * BoardHeight]; ///< 方块面板
wxStatusBar *m_stsbar; ///< 分值状态栏
};
class Tetris : public wxFrame{
public:
Tetris(const wxString& title): wxFrame(NULL, wxID_ANY, title, wxDefaultPosition, wxSize(180, 380)){
wxStatusBar *sb = CreateStatusBar();
sb->SetStatusText(wxT("0"));
Board *board = new Board(this);
board->SetFocus();
board->Start();
}
};
class MyApp : public wxApp {
public:
virtual bool OnInit(){
srand(time(NULL));
Tetris *tetris = new Tetris(wxT("Tetris"));
tetris->Centre();
tetris->Show(true);
return true;
}
};
IMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp) // 应用程序实例化
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