美文网首页
databinding学习与理解

databinding学习与理解

作者: 云醉倚清风 | 来源:发表于2022-10-26 16:58 被阅读0次

一: 项目集成

1:defaultConfig下开启databinding

  defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.vecentek.demo"
        minSdk 23
        targetSdk 32
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        ndk {
            abiFilters "arm64-v8a"
        }
        dataBinding{
            enabled true  //这里
        }
    }

2:xml文件测试

  • 选中xml根节点按住option+enter(mac键位,win:Alt + Enter)
  • 出现Convert to data binding layout 表示开启成功


    image.png
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <data>

    </data>

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context=".MainActivity">

    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</layout>

3:调整Activity初始化

ActivityMainBinding是Convert to data binding layout自动生成的类

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
    }
}
// 调整后
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        val binding= ActivityMainBinding.inflate(LayoutInflater.from(this))
        setContentView(binding.root)
    }
}

4:试试效果

 binding.apply {
            textView1.text = "你好呀"
            textView2.text = "很好很好"
        }

5:加上viewModel

//创建实体类
class MainViewModel {
    var text1 = ""
    var text2 = ""
}
//xml的data标签中添加变量
 <variable
           name="vm"
           type="com.example.databindingtest.MainViewModel" />

 <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{vm.text1,default=默认值1}"></TextView>

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{vm.text2,default=默认值2}"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp"></TextView>

 val viewModel = MainViewModel()
        binding.apply {
            vm = viewModel
            viewModel.text1 = "测试1"
            viewModel.text2 = "测试2"
        }
  • name为变量在xml中的对象名,自定义
  • @{}表示引用变量值
  • default 为默认展示值,仅xml中展示

6:改变viewmodel刷新UI

class MainViewModel {
    var text1 = ObservableField<String>()
    var text2 = ObservableField<String>()
}
 val viewModel = MainViewModel()
 binding.apply {
    vm = viewModel
    btn.setOnClickListener{
        viewModel.text1.set("嘻嘻呀1")
        viewModel.text2.set("嘻嘻呀2")
  }

二:特殊用法

1:背景色使用变量

class MainViewModel {
    var text1 = ObservableField<String>("哈哈")
    var text1BackColor = ObservableInt(R.color.white)
    var text1TextColor = ObservableInt(R.color.black)
}

<TextView
            android:id="@+id/textView1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{vm.text1,default=默认值1}"
            android:textColor="@{vm.text1TextColor}"
            android:background="@{vm.text1BackColor}"></TextView>

点击两个按钮来回切换,白底黑字 黑底白字

binding.apply {
            vm = viewModel
            btn.setOnClickListener {
                viewModel.text1BackColor.set(R.color.white)
                viewModel.text1TextColor.set(ContextCompat.getColor(context,R.color.black))
            }
            btn2.setOnClickListener {
                viewModel.text1BackColor.set(R.color.black)
                viewModel.text1TextColor.set(ContextCompat.getColor(context,R.color.white))
            }
        }


object TextViewAdapter{
        @JvmStatic
        @BindingAdapter("android:background")
      fun setBackground(view: TextView, colorResId: Int) {
            view.setBackgroundResource(colorResId)
        }

        @JvmStatic
        @BindingAdapter("android:textColor")
        fun setTextColor(view: TextView, colorId: Int) {
            view.setTextColor(colorId)
        }
    }

解释 object TextViewAdapter,这个类的声明表示为TextView添加适配器,在databinding解析到TextView的时候会去读该类的声明。

  • @JvmStatic databinding只能使用静态方法
  • @BindingAdapter("android:textColor") 绑定的属性
  • set重写改属性的set方法
    主要是databinding无法确定你绑定的值该做合种解析,需要自己指定。
    注意:setBackgroundResource需要的是资源引用,setTextColor需要的资源id,传值之前需要确定
    \color{blue}{build.gradle中增加'kotlin-kapt'否则无法使用注解 }
plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
    id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.android'
    id 'kotlin-kapt'
}

2:图片使用变量

原理同上, @BindingAdapter中不带android即app:imgUrl ,表示自定义属性

  object ImageViewAdapter {
        @JvmStatic
        @BindingAdapter("android:src")
        fun setSrc(imageView: ImageView, imgId: Int) {
            imageView.setBackgroundResource(imgId)
        }

        @JvmStatic
        @BindingAdapter("imgUrl")
        fun setSrc(imageView: ImageView, imgUrl: String) {
            Glide.with(imageView)
                .load(url)
                .into(imageView)
        }
    }

3:数组、Map

// Model中
var list = ObservableArrayList<String>()
var map = ObservableArrayMap<String, String>()
// xml中 引入使用的类
<data>
       <variable
           name="vm"
           type="com.example.databindingtest.MainViewModel" />
        <import type="java.util.ArrayList" />
        <import type="java.util.Map"/>
    </data>

 <TextView android:text="@{vm.list.get(0)}"></TextView>
 <TextView android:text="@{vm.map.get(`good`)}"></TextView>
// Activity中
        viewModel.list.add("")
        viewModel.list.add("")
        viewModel.map["good"] = ""
        binding.apply {
            vm = viewModel
            btn.setOnClickListener {
                viewModel.list[0]="数组1"
                viewModel.map["good"] = "键值1"
            }
            btn2.setOnClickListener {
                viewModel.list[0]="数组2"
                viewModel.map["good"] = "键值2"
            }
        }

直接引用数组对象时,需要注意声明的<>符号需要转义

<import type="xx.MainViewModel"></import>
        <variable
            name="vm"
            type="MainViewModel" />
        <import type="java.util.ArrayList" />
        <variable
            name="list"
            type="ArrayList&lt;MainViewModel&gt;" />

4:事件绑定

在绑定的类中声明方法,以供使用

class Handlers{
    fun bt3Click(view: View) {
       Log.i("ABCD","我被点了")
    }
}

<variable
            name="handler"
            type="xxx.Handlers" />

 <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn3"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="绑定事件"
            android:onClick="@{handler::bt3Click}"/>

注意Activity中 binding.handler = Handlers()

5:显示隐藏

<import type="android.view.View"/>

android:visibility="@{vm.isShow?View.GONE:View.VISIBLE}"

6: RecyclerView

主要对adapter的使用

  mRecyclerView.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this@MainActivity)
            val adapter = MyAdapter()
            mRecyclerView.adapter = adapter
            val model1 = ItemModel("yao","19")
            val model2 = ItemModel("wang","18")
            val model3 = ItemModel("li","1")
            adapter.refresh(arrayListOf(model1,model2,model3))
class MyAdapter : RecyclerView.Adapter<MyRecyclerViewHolder>() {
    var list = arrayListOf<ItemModel>()

    fun refresh(data: ArrayList<ItemModel>) {
        list = data
        notifyDataSetChanged()
    }

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): MyRecyclerViewHolder {
        val binding = LayoutBinding.inflate(LayoutInflater.from(parent.context), parent, false)
        return MyRecyclerViewHolder(binding)
    }

    override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: MyRecyclerViewHolder, position: Int) {
        holder.mBinding.vm = list[position]
    }

    override fun getItemCount(): Int {
        return list.size
    }

}

class MyRecyclerViewHolder(binding: LayoutBinding) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(binding.root) {
    var mBinding = binding
}

class ItemModel {
    var name = ObservableField<String>()
    var age = ObservableField<String>()


    constructor(aName: String, aAge: String) {
        name.set(aName)
        age.set(aAge)
    }
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <data>
       <variable
           name="vm"
           type="com.example.databindingtest.ItemModel" />
    </data>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/nameText"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{vm.name}"></TextView>

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/ageText"
            android:layout_marginLeft="100dp"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{vm.age}"></TextView>
    </LinearLayout>
</layout>

注意:若视图复杂或动态计算长度导致显示错乱,重用异常,可在onCreateViewHolder添加
binding.executePendingBindings()

相关文章

网友评论

      本文标题:databinding学习与理解

      本文链接:https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/wlcttdtx.html