基于python的文件操作

0.前言

类似于数据库的基本操作增删改查，工作中会经常出现使用python完成文件操作。
本文作者实现文件操作相关函数。

1.增

1.1 写入内容给文本文件

def writeTextFile(filePath, fileContent, encoding='utf8'):
    with open(filePath, 'w', encoding=encoding) as file:
        file.write(fileContent)

2.删

2.1 删除文件夹

本文作者使用过shutil库的rmtree函数， 此函数经常报错OS Error，所以自己编写deleteDirectory函数。

import os
def deleteDirectory(dirPath):
    for walk in os.walk(dirPath):
        dirPath_2 = walk[0]  
        fileName_list = walk[2]
        for fileName in fileName_list:
            filePath = os.path.join(dirPath_2, fileName)
            os.remove(filePath)
    for walk in os.walk(dirPath):
        dirPath_2 = walk[0]      
        dirName_list = walk[1]
        for dirName in dirName_list:
            dirPath_3 = os.path.join(dirPath_2, dirName)
            os.rmdir(dirPath_3)
    if os.path.isdir(dirPath):
        os.rmdir(dirPath)

3.改

3.1 批量修改图片大小

import os
from PIL import Image

def getFilePathList(dirPath, partOfFileName=''):
    allFileName_list = list(os.walk(dirPath))[0][2]
    fileName_list = [k for k in allFileName_list if partOfFileName in k]
    filePath_list = [os.path.join(dirPath, k) for k in fileName_list]
    return filePath_list

def batchResizeImage(oldDirPath, newDirPath, height, width):
    if not os.path.isdir(newDirPath):
        os.mkdir(newDirPath)
    jpgFilePath_list = getFilePathList(oldDirPath, '.jpg')
    for jpgFilePath in jpgFilePath_list:
        image = Image.open(jpgFilePath)
        resized_image = image.resize((height, weight), Image.ANTIALIAS)
        jpgFileName = os.path.split(jpgFilePath)[1]
        saveFilePath = os.path.join(newDirPath, jpgFileName)
        resized_image.save(saveFilePath)
        
oldDirPath = 'source_images'
newDirPath = 'train_images'
height = 640
width = 640
batchResizeImage(oldDirPath, newDirPath, height, width)

4.查

4.1 查询文件夹中的文件

import os

def getFileNameList(dirPath, partOfFileName=''):
    allFileName_list = list(os.walk(dirPath))[0][2]
    fileName_list = [k for k in allFileName_list if partOfFileName in k]
    return fileName_list
    
def getFilePathList(dirPath, partOfFileName=''):
    allFileName_list = list(os.walk(dirPath))[0][2]
    fileName_list = [k for k in allFileName_list if partOfFileName in k]
    filePath_list = [os.path.join(dirPath, k) for k in fileName_list]
    return filePath_list

4.2 读取文本文件

def readTextFile(filePath, encoding='utf8'):
    with open(filePath, encoding=encoding) as file:
        return file.read()

4.3 搜索文件夹路径内含有指定内容的代码文件

传入3个参数：文件夹路径dirPath、指定内容partOfFileContent、代码文件后缀名suffixOfFileName

import os

def searchFileContent(dirPath, partOfFileContent, suffixOfFileName=''):
    dirPath = os.path.expanduser(dirPath)
    walk_list = list(os.walk(dirPath))
    result_list = []
    for walk in walk_list:
        filePath_list = [os.path.join(walk[0], k) for k in walk[2] \
            if k.rsplit('.', maxsplit=1)[1]==suffixOfFileName.strip('.')]
        for filePath in filePath_list:
            with open(filePath, encoding='=utf8') as file:
                fileContent = file.read()
            if partOfFileContent in fileContent:W
                print(filePath)
                result_list.append(filePath)
    return result_list