a. 简单句与名词从句

i. 名词性从句主要充当四种句子成分，主语，宾语，表语，同位语

ii. 陈述句做句子成分

1. 陈述句句首+that 可构成四种不同的名词从句
2. 陈述句做名词性从句时不能省略That，指明断句方向，不引起对句子的误解

iii. 一般疑问句做句子成分

1. 用whether或If引导 可构成四种不同的名词从句

2. If/whether 区别

a. If只引导宾语从句，whether可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词从句
b. If 不和or not 直接连用，即一般不说if or not，但说if ..or not
i. I don’t know whether or not he comes
ii. I don't know if he comes or not

b. 简单句与主语从句

i. 陈述句作主语

1. That + 陈述句
2. It Is + 过去分词/adj/名词短语 +that 从句
   a. …. Must be pointed out that
   b. ….has been found that
   c. ….generally thought that
   d. ….fortunate that
   e. …..natural that
   f. …no wonder that
   g. ….a miracle that
   h. …common knowledge that

ii. 一般疑问句作主语

iii. 特殊疑问句作主语

c. 简单句与宾语从句

i. 陈述句作宾语 that+陈述句
ii. 一般疑问句作宾语 注：宾语用if引导，主语、表语、同位语一般用whether
iii. 特殊疑问句作宾语从句

d. 简单句与表语从句

i. 陈述句作表语
ii. 一般疑问句作表语

1. My concern is whether or not he comes
   iii. 特殊疑问句做表语
2. This is where our basic interest lies

e. 简单句与同位语从句

i. 陈述句作同位语

1. Dreary months dragged by before the tragic news reached her that her beloved brother had been killed for anti-Nazi activities

ii. 一般疑问句作同位语

iii. 特殊疑问句作同位语

1. The question who should go abroad on this business tour requires consideration