| 英语 | 汉语 | 事例 |
|---|---|---|
| simile | 明喻 | like, as, as……as |
| metaphor | 暗喻 | is |
| analogy | 类比 | A is to B as C is to D |
| personification | 拟人 | |
| hyperbole | 夸张 | |
| understatement | 低调陈述，含蓄陈述 | |
| eupermism | 委婉 | |
| litotes | 曲言法 | |
| metonymy | 转喻 | |
| synecdoche | 提喻 | 整体，局部，单个类比，具体抽象 |
| pun | 双关 | |
| zeugma | 拈连 | 一个形容词修饰两个名词 |
| allusion | 引经据典 | |
| rhetorical question | 反问语 | |
| irony | 反问，讽刺 | |
| paradox | 似是而非 | |
| sarcasm | 讽刺 | |
| oxymoron | 矛盾修饰 | |
| climax | 渐进，层进 | |
| ellipsis | 省略 | |
| anti-climax/bathos | 突降 | |
| parody | 仿拟 | |
| chiasmas | 回文/交错法 | one should eat to live not live to eat |
| alliteration | 头韵 | |
| onomatopoeia | 拟声 | |
| antithesis | 对偶，对照 | 结构相同，含义相反 |
| anaphora | 首语重复法 | |
| paralelis | 平行结构（相同）排比 | |
| repetition | 重复 | |
| thansferred epithet | 移就/转类形容词 |
The longing for becoming strong and far-flung process, the dissatisfaction with reality and the worry in mind, have made things complicated.
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