say\tell\talk\speak的区别

英语的很多单词都有多种含义。但这些含义都是它自身的基本含义的扩展。本文就是针对其基本含义进行辨析。这四个单词都有“说”的含义。下面进行辨析。

SAY

基本区别点：

1. 不带感情色彩，立场客观；
2. 提供谈话的内容信息；
3. 从不以人作宾语。

例句：

1. They said, "I have to work tomorrow."
2. They said that I had to work tomorrow.
3. "Hello!" she said.
4. "That was marvelous," said Daniel.
5. Be quiet, I have something to say.

注意第3、4句。在小说、故事中say用于直接引语后面时，如果说话的人用名词，则先写say后写人名；如果说话的人用代词，则先写代词后写say。

TELL

基本区别点：

1. 一种单向的交流方式；
2. 给出一个对方不知道的信息。

例句：

1. Have you told your mother the news?
2. He always tells the truth.
3. He tells a lie.
4. Did she tell you her name?

注意第2、3句，" tell the truth "，" tell a lie "是英语中的固定搭配。

TALK

基本区别点：

1. 用于非正式的谈话中。
2. 多用于日常对话。
3. 可以和to/with连用。

例句：

1. I really wanted to talk to you.
2. What were they talking with the guy about?
3. We talked on the phone for over an hour.
4. Stop talking and listen!

注意第1，2句，" talk to " 倾向于交流是单向的，一个人说得多而另一个人回应得少。" talk with " 倾向于交流的互动性更强。这一点和下面的speak是一样的。

SPEAK

基本区别点：

1. 用于较正式的谈话中。
2. 用于表明可以说某种语言。
3. 可以和to/with连用。

例句：

1. He really needs to speak with his client.
2. He speaks to his manager.
3. Can I speak with you for a minute?
4. The President refused to speak to the waiting journalists.